Transcript Summary SAPCC-TN

NAPCC
 National Water Mission
 National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem
 National Mission for a Green India
 National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
 National Solar Mission (renamed as Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar
Mission)
 National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency
 National Mission on Sustainable Habitat
 National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change
Summary SAPCC-TN
State Profile
 Coastline of the state is 1076 kilometers.
 No perennial rivers, dependent largely on monsoon rains.
 Rural population-52 percent of the total population(371.89 lakhs )
 Highest Human Development Index and second highest GDP
 “Global development experience reveals that one percent growth in
agriculture is at least two or three times more effective in reducing
poverty than the type of same growth emanating from non-agricultural
sector.”
 GSDP from the agriculture Sector has been decreasing steadily
 GSDP from the Industrial Sector has remained static over the years
 Services Sector is the highest contributor to the GSDP. A steady
increase has been observed
 “Vision Tamil Nadu 2023” to move towards an Accelerated, Innovative
and Inclusive Growth
SAPCC-Drafting
Formulation of SAPCC
 Step I-Formulation of Steering Committee on SAPCC
 Step II-Inception Workshop-stakeholders to identify focus areas
 Step III-Area wise Working Groups formulated
 Step IV-After a gap of 17 months review meetings of Working Groups
 Step V-Through various meetings Working Groups to prioritize process
for the strategies
 Step VI-Draft TNSAPCC to be reviewed by steering committee, public
 Step VII-Submission to the MoEF
SAPCC
Focus Areas targeted under the State Action Plan
 Water Resources
 Coastal Area Management
 Sustainable Agriculture (and allied sectors)
 Forest & Bio-Diversity
 Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
 Sustainable Habitats
 Strategic Knowledge Management
Water Resources
Current Status
 More than 95 percent of the surface water and 80 percent of the
Ground water is currently being used.
 Agriculture is the largest consumer using 75 per cent of the water
resources.
 The state is highly dependent on monsoons the failure of which leads
to severe scarcity of water and droughts
 Surface Water-Cauvery is the major river basin, dependent on
neighboring states for water supply
 Ground Water-80 percent of ground water being used, non-uniform
usage; most blocks are over exploited-Chennai
 Storage Structures-85 reservoirs, need to create additional storage
spaces and better management of existing ones, Water Resource
Department attempting to revive them
Water Resources
Major Concerns
 Demand Supply Gap
 Over Exploitation of Ground water
 Increase in North-East monsoon and decrease in South-West monsoon
 Floods
 Migration
 Drought
 Low Water use Efficiency
State Mission
 Undertake an integrated approach for conservation and management
of water resources
 Improve water use efficiency and control water pollution
 Minimize wastage and ensure equitable distribution of water
 Address the impacts of climate change on water resources.
Water Resources
Strategies
Hilly Region
 Undertaking rainwater-harvesting measures along the hill slopes,
especially in the recharge zones
 Constructing check dams, wherever feasible for the creation of water
reservoirs for harnessing surface water
 Increasing water storage capacity by repairing, renovating and
restoring existing water bodies
Coastal Region
 Construct and rehabilitate of tail-end regulators to prevent the
intrusion of saline water in channels
 Install desalination water project in coastal areas to ensure availability
of fresh water.
Water Resources
 Control the volume of groundwater abstraction by strictly
enforcing the ground water regulation acts to prevent seawater
intrusion
Plains
 Increasing the reservoir storage potential of existing irrigation
projects in the region.
 Exploring the feasibility of transferring water from surplus basin to
deficit basin
 Limit rampant ground water extraction
 Promote rainwater harvesting
 Enhance Artificial Recharge in over exploited ground water areas
 Improve Water use efficiency in agriculture
 Redirect flood waters for groundwater recharge
 Create small reservoir schemes such as check dams.
Water Resources
Research
 Develop food forecasting system
 Assess water demand by sector by factoring in Climate change for
short, medium and long term time lines
 Undertake mapping of water resources in conjunction with land use
and land classification
Policy Related Interventions
 Variable Irrigation Water Tax on surface and ground water use
 Extend compulsory rain water harvesting regulation in individual
houses in all towns and villages
 Devise planning, monitoring and decision support systems for an
integrated water management system in a climate change context
Water Resources
 Modernization of Irrigation system using Drips, Sprinklers systems
for improving water use efficiency
 Introduce pricing regulation for use of piped water for domestic
use and drinking water
 Undertake periodical census of medium and minor irrigation
projects to check sustainability and also to detect disfunctionalities
and implement remedial measures
Coastal Area Management
Current Status
 The Tamil Nadu coast is 1076 km long along the Bay of Bengal
 North Eastern Zone, Cauvery Delta Zone and Southern Zone.
 Port and Harbors-State Maritime Board controls smaller ports
 Urbanization and habitats-major construction of infrastructure along
the coasts
 Fisheries-591 recorded fishing villages along the coast
 Nuclear power plants along the coast-Kalpakkam and Kudankulum
 Water supply infrastructure-100MLD desalination plants in Nemmeli,
Kattupalli, Natipaiyur
 Minerals-High amount of mineral deposits in the Southern and the
Southeastern sea coasts of the State.
 Coastal Ecosystems-Gulf of Mannar
Coastal Area Management
Major concerns
 Coastal Erosion
 Cyclones, Storm surges and Coastal flooding
 Sea level rise
 Salt water intrusion
 Pollution-industries, power plants and desalination plants, domestic
and industrial sewage discharge
Coastal Area Management
Strategies
 Develop a Tamil Nadu Integrated Coastal Protection Plan (TNICPP) to adapt to projected sea level rise, enhanced intensities of
cyclones, storm surges, and extreme rainfall
 Prepare a land use map and land capacity assessment
 Avert enhanced coastal erosion due to Climate Change and protect
the coastal zone
 Strengthen resilience of coastal communities in view of projected
climate change
 Avert enhanced salt water intrusion in ground water by building
desalination plants in such areas
 Conserve biodiversity in the coastal zone-Gulf of Mannar
 Avert pollution of water and soil in the coastal zones caused by
industrial (power plants and other industries) and domestic
wastewater and solid waste management practices
Agriculture and Allied Sectors
Current Status
 13 percent of the State GSDP is from agriculture sector, 40 percent
population dependent on it.
 An impact on the agricultural sector would effect the secondary and
tertiary sectors
 Rice, which is water dependent, is one of the major crops grown
 Horticulture-grown after the National Horticulture Mission; Area used
for Horticulture production has improved steadily over the years
 Animal Husbandry and Dairying-constitutes 24.80 percent of the total
agriculture and its allied sectors; large number of women workers in the
area; decrease in indigenous cattle population by 27.79 percent; the
state contributes to 18.27 percent of egg, 8.78 percent of meat and 5.61
percent of milk production in India.
 Fisheries-The marine fish potential of the State is estimated at 7.00 lakh
metric tonnes, it is the state with the highest amount of fish catch
Agricultural and Allied Sectors
Strategies
 Adjusting Sowing dates in consonance with onset of monsoon
 Managing soil erosion due to projected heavier precipitation events
 Managing soil health in a changing climate scenario
 Promoting Integrated Disease and Pest Management
 Promoting water use efficiency
 Promoting crop varieties and technologies to adapt to higher
temperature and water Stress
 Undertaking Crop Diversification for up-scaling livelihoods of the
farming communities
 Encouraging Integrated Farming Systems suitable for each agroclimatic zone
Agricultural and Allied Sectors
 Undertaking risk mitigation measures
 Improving quality seed production and distribution through seed
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villages/village seed banks mechanism
Developing state wide data base on characteristics of each farming
land for developing farm level crop management systems
Testing and improving thermal resistant and water stress resistant
rice varieties
Supporting research on crop insurance for managing risk of
increasing intensities of extreme events
Undertaking capacity building activities for farmers as well as
officials to internalize the adaptation techniques for addressing climate
change concerns
Agricultural and Allied Sectors
Long term Strategies-Agriculture
 Develop state wide data base on characteristics of each farming
land for developing farm level crop management systems
 Training farmers on understanding weather adversities and training
them to adopt suitable practices
 Testing and improving thermal resistant and water stress resistant
rice varieties
 Support research on crop insurance for managing risk of increasing
intensities of extreme events
Agriculture and allied sectors
Strategies for Fisheries
 Map and Track coastal marine ecosystem to maximize fish catch,
off the coast of Tamil Nadu in conjunction with SST and distribution of
Chlorophyll concentrations
 Undertaking modeling studies to predict fish catch in long term time
scales
 Undertake scientific studies to identify native fish suitable for
inland fisheries in a warming scenario
 Promote seed farms for fish that can withstand thermal resistance in a
warming climate
 Diversify livelihoods amongst coastal fishing communities
 Easier access to insurance and credit
 Establishing community FM station for communicating information
during times of disaster
Agriculture and allied sectors
Strategies for Live-Stock Sector
 Promote leguminous feed production in degraded pasture lands in
villages
 Promote herbal and microbial feed additives, organic mineral
supplements for better bioavailability and improved health and
production of cross bred livestock
 Undertake genetic studies on disease resistance in domestic species
of livestock.
 Promote green fodder cultivation as one of the multiple crops to
bridge fodder gap and avail fodder during drought.
 Ensure adequate animal housing and dedicated ponds for bathing
 Intensify disease surveillance and develop forecasting of disease
outbreaks
Agriculture and allied sectors
Strategies for Live-Stock Sector
 Promote cross breeding with indigenous varieties to improve
resilience of cross breed's to climate change
 Promote dairy development in villages by training more women on
animal care, animal disease reporting, and nutrition for optimizing
milk production at household level
Sustainable Habitats
Strategies
Housing
 Mandatory ECBC implementation in all sectors
 Design considerations to withstand calamities
 New Housing Policy including provisions of Sustainable Habitat
Promotion of alternate construction material in housing like
M.Sand(produced by crushing hard granite stone), fly ash etc to
reduce the pressure on natural resources.
 Research on long-term impacts on manufactured sand on quality of
housing
Pollution
 Improved air quality monitoring through more stations in urban
centers
 Air quality monitoring along roads with heavy vehicular movement
Sustainable Habitats
 Monitoring of groundwater quality
 Ensuring ZLD in industries
 Action Plan to control Pollution
 Strict enforcement with penalty for violation
Greening of Urban Spaces
 Compulsory OSR for greenery under the Development regulations in
DTCP.
 Stringent compensatory plantation for tree cutting, including
heavy refundable deposit upon evidence of completing compensatory
plantation
 There are several residential projects coming up with the provisions for
greenery around the built-up area. This may be included in the
development regulations while giving approvals.
 Study to identify suitable plant and tree species for urban greenery
Sustainable Habitats
Urban Development
 Mandatory adoption of ECBC.
 The Building Rules of local body may include the wastewater recycling
provisions for large commercial and industrial developments as
mandatory provision before issue of permission for developments.
 Propose to achieve a model split of 70:30 for public and private
transport
 Encourage environment/ eco-friendly modes of transport i.e. cycles,
pedestrian friendly traffic.
 Enlarge the segments of vehicular population converted to pollution
free fuels, viz., LPG/CNG/battery.
 Strictly enforce the road users to obtain EUC
Sustainable Habitats
 Establish an air quality monitoring system, which maps the quality
of air across the road network periodically.
 Subject every major transport development measure to safety audit.
 Disaster precaution in building designs
 Regulation of developments in flood prone areas
 Removal of encroachments in disaster/flood prone areas
Water
 Revamping of existing water supply schemes to avoid loss of water
 Protection of water sources
 Increasing storage capacity
 Reuse of grey water
 Recharge of groundwater
 Promotion of Manufactured sand in construction
Sustainable Habitats
Health and Sanitation
 New Sanitation Policy
 Monitoring of vector-borne and water- borne diseases
 Identification of indicators for monitoring
 Study on vector-borne diseases
 Ensuring complete coverage with sanitation
Waste Management
 Setting up of the Material Recovery Facility within the compost yard
 Energy generation from methane recovery from SWM all over Tamil
Nadu
 Study shall be carried out to identify the composition of solid wastes in
different regions of Tamil Nadu to finalize the management proposal
 Introducing penalty provisions for non- segregation of wastes by
the occupier, for littering on streets and depositing or throwing any
solid waste in contravention of the provision and on the local body for
deficiency in services
Sustainable Habitats
 Preparation of “Action Plan” for all the Corporations, municipalities
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and town panchayats in Tamil Nadu
Conducting Training Program for officials, people and manufactures
of various municipalities.
Providing incentives to private sector to participate in the reduction,
segregation, transport, recycling and final disposal of all types of solid
wastes.
Specific responsibility to be assigned to stakeholders in the
implementation of the plan
“Polluters Pay” principle, local bodies to collect a levy from bulk
garbage generators such as industries, hotels, marriage halls, markets
and commercial complexes.
Establishing safe recycling facilities for e- waste and construction
debris
Sustainable Habitats
Transportation
 Increase the number of bus services in over crowded routes and add
new services including mini buses in added areas.
 While developing road infrastructure, exclusive lanes to be created for
pedestrian and bi-cycle.
 Measures to make cycling attractive with good cycling paths, cycle
parking facilities, link between cycling and public transport.
 Congestion taxes may be levied on vehicles
 Transportation Fund may be created
 Single window clearance by CUMTA
 Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP)
 Advertisement revenue for public transport – from bus shelters
 High Parking revenue to match market demand, periodical renewal, to
contribute to traffic fund, and discourage private transport.
Sustainable Habitats
 Low-floor buses to support differently abled
 Emission based special taxes/ penalty
 Providing feeder services to connect the residential areas
 Encouraging car-pooling
 Introducing no -driving day
 Increased subsidy / Reduced excise duty on hybrid vehicles and battery
operated vehicles.
 Improvement to all existing roads and maintenance at regular intervals
 Adoption of alternate/advanced technology including mixing of plastic
to ensure endurance to the roads
Climate Change and Sustainable Habitats
 Sustainable Habitat/Climate Change Policy
 Climate Change cell in each department. Alternatively Creation of
Climate Change Department
Energy and Renewable Energy
Facts
 Renewable energy sector accounts to close to 40 percent of the Tamil
Nadu Electricity Board’s installed capacity.
 An average of 55-60 percent of the power requirement of state is
purchased
 Even with large installation capacity from renewable energy sources the
actual energy generated is fairly low.
 Thermal generation contributes fairly significantly to the electricity
requirement of the state.
 Plant load factor of wind farms is between 12.56-22percent
 The average deficit power of the state is roughly 6.5 percent or
approximately 5000 Million Units per year
 Wind farms contribute 13-20percent of energy
Energy and Renewable Energy
Electricity Consumption Pattern
 High electricity consumption of about 1065kWh
 Highest number are the domestic consumers though the highest amount
of consumption is from the industrial sector.
 Steady rise in domestic consumption, commercial sector consumption
has remained static
 Decrease in agricultural sector power consumption
 Steady rise in the consumption in the industrial sector
Renewable energy trends
 Increased renewable energy capacity over the years
 34 percent of India’s renewable energy space
 Wind energy most successful
Sector wise Consumption of Energy
Energy and Renewable Energy
Strategies
 Minimize AT & C Losses
 Undertake efficiency and energy conservation improvements
 Launch Green Villages and introduce Energy Efficient Homes
Initiative
 Drafting new building bye-laws incorporating principles of Energy
Conservation and building code
 Increasing grid connected RE by 10,650 MW
 Encourage Off Grid Renewable Energy development
Forest and Biodiversity
Facts
 Forests cover 18.16 percent total geographical area of State
 Between 2007-2009-Increase in area of dense forests, medium dense
forests; decrease in shrub forests and open forests.
 Mangrove vegetation-39 sq. km; bridge between terrestrial and
aquatic ecosystems; natural protection against disasters; rich areas of
biodiversity
 Protected Areas constitute 5465 sq. km, which is 23.9% of State Forest
area.
 Teak wood production increased 33 times, pulp wood production
marginally increased, decrease in production of sandalwood and fuel
wood.
 Tamil Nadu-wetland rich State-12.88 percent and Puducherry6.92percent
Forest and Biodiversity
Strategies
 Increase the forest cover, both inside and outside notified forest
areas
 Enhancing Conservation efforts to sustain biodiversity- terrestrial
and marine
 Creation of plant diversity register of Tamil Nadu forests for
documentation and associated traditional knowledge
 Management of forest fires and alien invasive species (AIS)
 Build capacity to address climate change by supporting innovation
and Research to address the impacts of climate change on forest &
biodiversity and ecosystem services
 Undertake awareness generation and capacity building activities
that prepares institutions and communities to address the climate
change concerns
 Other specific research and capacity building activities
Strategic Knowledge Management
Strategies
 Create an enabling institutional framework for developing and
disseminating strategic knowledge on climate change
 Develop a scientific basis for a deeper understanding of climate
change issues.
 Support Research & Development of innovations to address climate
change impacts and vulnerabilities.
 Undertake Demonstration, Field Implementation & Extension
Support regular monitoring of critical ecological parameters and
urban landscape
 Mainstream traditional knowledge.
 Undertake capacity building initiatives to integrate steps to manage
climate sensitive natural resources and mitigate climate change drivers.
 Support creation of Monitoring and Evaluation tools of various
initiatives of the climate sensitive sectors.
 Develop aData bank and Create a Knowledge Portal.
Implementation of SAPCC
 Sector wise policy reviews
 Sector wise climate change impacts evidence base strengthening
 Locally specific adaptation plans
 Leveraging Co-benefits
 Sector public/community perceptions documentation
 Periodic consultations with the civil society and community
 Incorporation of poverty, equity and livelihood concerns
 Sector wise Monitoring and Evaluating protocols
 Knowledge management activities
SAPCC-Departments
Departments identified for implementation
 Department of Environment-Nodal Department for Climate Change
 Vulnerable Sectors-Nodal Officers
 Working groups for the Sectors
 SAPCC; Various pilot projects-IMFFS, reviving farm ponds etc
 GIZ, Directorate of Town and Country Planning, Tamil Nadu Electricity
Board
 Central Marine fisheries research institute, IIT, Chennai Metropolitan
Development Authority
 Municipal Administration, Town Panchayats
 Transport Department, Housing Board, Slum Clearance Board