Transcript Urban Planning: How to live under climate change in Bangkok

Urban Planning:
How to live under
climate change in Bangkok
23 November 2007
Inter-Continental Hotel, Bangkok
H.E.Apirak Kosayodhin
Governor of Bangkok
“The ‘environment’ is where we live; and
development is what we all do in attempting
to improve our lot within that abode. The two
are inseparable.”
Our Common Future
The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED)
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Source: World Resource Institute, 2000
Source: Chulalongkorn University, 2007
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Total CO 2 Emissions (m illion tons )
Greenhouse Gas Emission in Bangkok Compare
with Other Large Cities
Impacts of Climate Change: Global Scale
 Increasing in the Earth’s average
temperature by approximately 0.74oC over
the past century
 Shrinking of mountain glaciers
 Lengthening of mid- to high-latitude
growing seasons
 Changes in precipitation patterns and
ocean currents
 Increasing frequency and intensity of heat
waves, storms floods and droughts in
some regions
Source: Global Environment Outlook 4, UNEP (2007)
Impacts of Climate Change:
Bangkok Environmental Challenges
 The change in land use effects to
Bangkok’s temperature to be higher than
the suburb by 2 oC
 From 1956 – 1997 the Bangkok’s lowest
temperature increased by 2 oC
 Disaster from floods
 Sea-level rise threatens coastal erosion in
Bangkhuntien
 High incidence of infectious diseases
such as dengue fever and Letrospirosis
Interdisciplinary Approach to Fight Against
Global Warming in Bangkok
“The Bangkok Declaration on the Cooperation
of Alleviating the Global Warming”
36 Organizations jointly signed the Bangkok Declaration on the Cooperation of
alleviating the global warming
on 9 May 2007 at the United Nations Conference Centre, Bangkok
The Bangkok Declaration
1. We will reduce energy uses and effectively
use resources for production and
consumption to make least impact to
global warming.
2. We will together support the role of youths,
communities, businesses, government
units and individuals to coordinately
reduce greenhouse gases emission.
3. We will together support the way of life
based on the sufficient economy to prevent
prepare and adapt to global warming.
4. We will together participate, support and
promote carbon sequestration through tree
plantation extensively and sustainably.
5. We will continuously support the global
warming reduction and prevention
activities by disseminating knowledge and
information, to encourage practical action
in everyday living.
From Bangkok Declaration to the 5-Year Action Plan
for Global Warming Alleviation (2007 – 2012)
Public Consultation Process
Expert consultations
Resident consultations on BMA’s website,
seminar and survey
The 5-Year Action Plan for Global Warming
Alleviation (2007 – 2012): The 5 Approaches
1. Improvement of Transportation System
2. Promotion of Alternative Energies
3. Energy Conservation and Building Retrofit
4. Solid Waste and Wastewater Management
5. Expansion of green areas
Ultimate Goal: 15% reduction of GHGs emission by 2012
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal
“Action to climate Change is now a global priority”
1. BMA’s Practices
2. Local Cooperation
3. International Cooperation
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: BMA’s
Practices
1. Launch of campaigns:
- switching lights off
- using of energy saving
bulbs
- stop idling vehicles
- tree planting
- using cloth bags
- waste reduction, and
etc.
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal: BMA’s
Practices
2. Improvement of Transportation
System: BRT, sky train, subway system
3. Promotion of Alternative Energies:
NGV waste collection truck, solar water heater and
solar cell at schools, landfill gas to energy
4. Energy Conservation and Building
Retrofit: energy saving house design for people,
awareness raising on energy conservation
5. Solid Waste and Wastewater
Management: home composting, waste
recycling, appropriate technology, Polluter Pays
Principle scheme,
6. Expansion of green areas: new
public parks construction, vertical garden, roof-top
garden
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal:
Local Cooperation
1. Ministry of Energy
- Energy audit in big buildings
- Awareness raising on energy conservation for school children and
government officials
- Anaerobic digestion system for organic waste at schools and fresh
markets
- Biodiesel production
- Hybrid solar waste heat water heater system in BMA’s hospital
2. The Federation of Thai Industries
- Waste recycling system in universities
- Drop Off Station in department stores and convenient stores
- Formalization of scavenger (Saleng) groups
- Recycling handicrafts competition and marketing
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal:
Local Cooperation
3. Metropolitan Electricity Authority
- Support 10,000 energy saving bulbs for replacing in BMA’s fresh
markets
4. PTT Public Co.Ltd.
- BMA helps coordinate to expand new NGV gas stations
5. The Bangchak Petroleum Public Co.Ltd.
- Cooperation for biodiesel production from used cooking oil
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal:
Local Cooperation
6. Rotary Club
- Tree planting program
7. Ban Lae Suan Co.Ltd.
- Publication of “50 designs for home
decoration to combat global warming”
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal:
International Cooperation
1. Large Cities Climate Summit 2007 C40 cities
in New York City, 14 – 17 May 2007
- C40 workshop on transport and congestion in
London, 3-5 Dec 2007 hosted by the Greater
London Authority and the City of Stockholm
2. World Bank
- City Development Strategy and Municipal
Capacity Building
- Sectoral Strategy Implementation; Preparation
of an environment strategy and action plan,
BRT, and SWM and carbon financing project,
etc.
- Comprehensive Improvement & Quality of life in
selected area
Concrete Actions to Achieve the Set Goal:
International Cooperation
3. UNEP
- Awareness Building and Monitoring;
Bangkok Assessment Report on Climate
Change
- Awareness Pilot Demonstration; Eco-house,
Building Retrofit and Clean Vehicle
- Bangkok towards
environmental capital of ASEAN
4. Clinton Climate Initiatives
- Building Retrofit Program
“How to live under climate change in Bangkok”
Key Messages
• We need cooperation and participation from all sectors namely
government, media, press, private sector, entrepreneurs, NGOs
and social groups to help distributing knowledge and
information and educating people for better understanding of
climate change alleviation.
• Simple actions in daily life such as unplug electrical appliances
after using, waste minimization and separation, and walk in near
distance instead of using car, if each everyone of us does
together, it will also create a great impact to the better
environment in our city.
• All sectors and residents can work hand in hand to fight against
climate change which will consequently result in improvement
of the environment, human health and sustainable growth of the
city.
Thank You