Transcript Diapositive 1

Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Sustainable development in North Africa
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
few concepts and definitions
Sustainable development:
simple definitions
complex implications
common sense solutions
development that meets the needs of the present generation
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet
their own needs
1987 Brundtland Report
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Operational implications: the three guiding principles of Office work on SD
Economic, social and environmental components
Growth distributional issues between
regions/socioeconomic groups/generations
No sustainable development without at least
cooperation between countries and at best
regional integration
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Common sense solutions
Involve all stakeholders: governments, the private
sector (SMEs), civil society (NGOs) and
demographic potential, researchers, regional and
international organizations
Synchronize national strategies with regional and
international environment
Call on facilitators: PPPs, knowledge sharing,
ICTs
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Indicators
Economic growth but not full potential  unemployment Vectors
Actors
Education and training
1. Low productivity
2. Inadequacy bwn
private sector needs
and graduates
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Data in report on Economic
and social conditions
Source: UNDP, HDR 2007/2008
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-10
-15
-20
-25
 low wages
 waste of resources
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Indicators
Vectors
Ecology doesn’t mean just costs
Actors
Source: Misc (see report).
Textiles & garments sector a good example
Important in economies of the region
Challenged by globalization
Good market signals: consumer needs and SD concerns
Environment
protection
considerations are
becoming as
important as price
and production
issues
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Agriculture and rural development
Strategic/MDGs
Around 10%, often more, of GDP
80 to 90% of water resources
25% of labor force
50% of the population
Indicators
Vectors
Actors
Lagging
Few, sometimes no, economic activities
Lack of infrastructure (education, health, transport, elec.)
Agricultural policies worrying more about urban than rural
Unresolved debates
Food security, virtual water, what kind of income generating
activities: trade offs between water availability, food availability and prices
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Agriculture and rural development
Indicators
Vectors
Actors
Exogenous factors
Desertification
World demand, prices of cereals
Climate change
Internat’l community is involved more than never before
ECA
World Bank (green revolution since 2007)
Support of national initiatives (2626 Program, INDH)
Biodiversity and climate change
Key indicators: wealth, common concerns within NA
and between NA and others
Synergies with desertification
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Social policies
Indicators
Vectors
Actors
Allocate the benefits of growth
Poverty prevention rather than alleviation
Spatial distribution (rural vs urban: subsidies)
Generational distribution (not only environment but also
issue of budget deficits, management of retirement plans,
changes in demographic structures-2025)
Price of LPG: taxes and government budgets
real prices (optimal allocations of resources
vs
purchasing power and competitiveness
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Infrastructure
Indicators
Vectors
Communication and trade
Actors
Environment/“Foreign entity”
Natural resources
Energy
NA oil producing as well as non producing
Renewable energies, positive impact on environment + econ.
CC and electricity shortages as heavy reliance on hydropowe
Conventional + non conventional connections (TREC)
Water
Supply is important but managing demand is vital: e.g. ONEP
Shared resources
Education, R&D
Innovation, enable the actors (young, women, researchers)
Urgency to act now: e.g. last month’s conference of
African Seed Trade Association: 10 years for new seeds
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Monitoring and evaluation
Measure achievements against objectives
and adjust when necessary
Indicators
Vectors
Actors
Crisis management
Otherwise development/survival whole regions/countries
at stake
NA: climate change and seismic hazard
Knowledge management and sharing
Manage knowledge
Disseminate knowledge
Share experiences, learn from others (successes + errors
ECA, leading role, COPs
PPPs: cost and efficiency for all actors
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Decision makers: legitimacy
Indicators
Vectors
Actors
Youth: demographic windows of opportunity
Women: 50% and know-how in NA
Migrants, positive impact on development
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Indicators
Vectors
Private sector
Actors
Engine of growth
SMEs fragile but yet dynamic
Hasn’t reached full potential, loss of opportunities
NA Intra-regional trade low
Low share in job creation, public sector still leader
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Indicators
Vectors
Actors
Regional and international organizations
ECA + UMA + CEN SAD
Public goods
Synergies between the three conventions
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Defining and analyzing Africa's priorities on Climate Change
ECA’s work on SD
Building consensus among African countries (CSD and pre and post-Bali)
ClimDev-Africa
African climate policy centre with Nobel prize winner Pachauri
Africa's Consensus Agenda for CSD-15
Coordinated UN System Action on Climate Change: United Nations System
Chief Executives Board (CEB)
ECA’s active involvement for preparation and during activities of Tunis
International Conference on Climate Change and International Solidarity
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
ECA’s work on SD (cont’d)
CBD secretariat and UN regional economic and social commissions sign
MOU to mainstream the objectives of the convention and enhance
cooperation
First follow-up in Nov. 2007 action with presence of CBD ES to
ECA-NA EGM in Tunis
ECA-NA EGM in Tunis helped:
identify issues
come up with recommendations
discuss report presented by ECA-NA which led to publication
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Tunis 2007 EGM on SD
+50 experts from various ministries of all member states, private sector operators,
consultants, academics and students, representatives of Int’l organizations and NGOs
Introductory presentations of distinguished guests including
Mr. Habib Benyahia, Secretary General of the Arab Maghreb Union
Mr. Youba Sokana, Executive Secretary of the Sahara and Sahel Observatory and
other Nobel winning IPCC members
Mr. Ahmed Joghlaf, Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biodiversity.
Experts discussed the multiple facets of sustainable development.
They recommended the establishment of mechanisms for encouraging research and
innovation through education and training based on appropriate financing tools enabling
all development actors (especially farmers, small and medium enterprises, youth and
women) to adopt technologies facilitating adaptation to the economic as well as
environmental challenges facing the world.
They pointed out the need to include these efforts into a logic of regional cooperation to
work together in order to rationalize resources and share experiences
They highlighted the need to enhance the sustainability of development strategies
through increased coordination between economic, environmental and social policies
that must all put the goal of human development at the centre of their concerns.
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Tunis 2007 EGM on SD: specific recommendations
• Promote regional integration to find common solutions to better performance
• Adapting to climate change should no longer be a reaction to crisis but a
socio-economic reality based on the know-how of local populations
• Seek synergy between the various international conventions to preserve the
ecological balance
• There is a need to involve all the stakeholders in the definition and the
implementation of coordinated and integrated development policies
• Take advantage of the demographics opportunities of the region based on its
cultural heritage and give (back?) to people (especially women, youth, rural
populations, migrants and SMEs) the means to adapt
• Only cooperation between countries can achieve a critical size sufficient for
successful R&D activities, agriculture a good example (insisted on the role of
knowledge sharing and management, praising Office efforts in this regard and
recommending more activities)
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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Economic Commission for Africa
Office for North Africa
Thank you
Karim Laraki
[email protected]
Twenty Third Meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee of Experts (ICE) - Rabat, Morocco 10-13 March 2008
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