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Prevention of Industrial/Chemical DisastersPresent day Challenges, Climate Change and Future Strategies Bangluru 4th Dec 2009 Fall Outs Of Disasters Climate Change Welcome Declaration • This Presentation is not under any copyright. • This Presentation is not for any commercial purpose. • This Presentation is for awareness generation only. • Its only personal and non official effort. • All clippings are from free downloads. • All clippings are humbly included. • This doesn’t represents official government views. Global Warming & Climate Change Ajit Sonakia , I.F.S. Thermodynamics of Global Warming 1850 Caused Rise in Temp 288 ppm Increasing Carbon Conc. In atmosphere The Current Affairs and Warnings for future Rising Earth Average Temperature Hurricane & Storm Intensity & wind speed increases with rising Sea water Temp. Earth & Its Atmosphere Exosphere Ionosphere Photosphere OZONE LAYER Stratosphere 25 – 45 Km Troposphere EARTH Energy sources for the Earth The Sun Fossil Fuel. Atomic Fuel Hydroelectric Power Renewable Energy Ozone Layer Depletion And Green House Gases Green House Gases (GHG) 1) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 2) Methane (CH4) 3) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 4) Hydro fluoro Carbons (HFCs) 5) Perfluoro Carbons (PFCs) 6) Sulfur hexa fluoride (SF6) Green House Gases Global Warming Emission % Potential 1. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 2. Methane (CH4) 3. Nitrous Oxide (NOx) 4. Hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs) 1 60 21 32 310 6 11,700 5. Per fluorocarbons (PFCs) 7,800 6. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) 23,900 2 How Green House Gases Do Warming CO2 – Directly Blocks Thermal Radiations. Methane –OH reacts with CH4 and Ultimately Converts into CO2. NOx – Comes from Gasoline Part of Smog, OPM, Causes Acid Rain, Reduces Visibility Incident thermal Radiations absorbed by Earth Re-emitted - blocked by Smog & OPM & heats the atmosphere. Green House Gases (GHG) Sources 1)CO2 - From FF, DD, 2)CH4 - Natural Gas, Landfill, Fermentation, Peat bogs, FF 3)N2O – Transport, Power, FF, Fertilizer Ind. 4)HFCs - HCFC Production- US, Japan Refrigeration 5)PFCs - Aluminum Production Process 6)SF6 - Semiconductor Industry Average rate of recycling (in %) GHG emissions from waste MSW Generation (India) 1947 : 6 MT 1997 : 48 MT 2006 : 69 MT Earth 100 Crore (1800) 2.5X 256 Crore (1950) 6.5X 650 Crore (2006) 9.1X 29% 910 Crore (2012) 71% land Increased Pressure on resources. Increased Emission of GHG water GW Impacts due to Global warming: Spreading of disease Early and late arrival of seasons Plant/animal range & pop. changes Downpours, heavy snowfalls Droughts and fires AND Sea Level Rise Global Warming and Retreat of Apple Line in Himachal Pradesh D C B A Estimated Sea Level Rise in cm. Year Moderate Estimate Scenario 2000 8.8 2025 26.2 2050 52.3 2075 91.2 2100 144.4 Source: U.S. GPO No. 055-000-00236-3 ,Washington D.C. Stern Report – 20% more chance for temp 5 to 10* and C consequent sea level rise >> Double. Some other Countries will also face the Problem of Coastal submergence……. Pakistan Result of Sea Level Rise Post 2100 Shri Lanka Bangla Desh Thailand Malasiya China Japan USA, Brazil European Coast Arabian Coast Some Threatened Places Global warming and Poverty Earlier Position Increased Intensity More Run off Rain mm More Erosion Reduction in Recent Position Months Ground water recharge Reduction in Agriculture Production & Depletion of Forest Cover Increase in Poverty Concern for global warming Kyoto Protocol, Japan 1997. Objective – Emission Reduction. Through Mitigation & Adaptation. 192 Countries are Signatories. Developed countries to help others. USA Yet to Ratify (Promoting CCX). At COP 15 Copenheguan REDD +,& Volun Emm Reduc Adopt Best Energy Management Practices… Emission Reduction Use of Non Conventional Energy Sources. Saving During consumption. Using improved technologies. Sink Activities Protect Forest. More & More Plantations & Carbon Tax Reducing GHG Emissions 1. Use of Water efficiently 2. Turn waste into manure 3. Reduce , reuse and recycle 4. Burn the fuel efficiently 5. Save energy in cooking 6. Save power on appliances 7. Review Use and Through Practice Power Consumption and Equivalent CO2 emission* Appliance Light Bulb CFL Lamp TV Set Washing Mach. LED (Watts) 60 11 80 to 300 500 – 3000 CO2 (gm/Hr) 39 7 52 – 195 325 – 1950 Carbon Footprints – Offsetting Per Capita Emissions What I Will Do From Today Will Plant Trees & Help save Forest. Will not waste Water Drinking, Bathing, Gardening, Washing. Will close Taps if Water is overflowing. Report Water leakage to Nagar Nigam. Will Switch off fan and Bulbs if not in use. Will not waste paper. What I Will Do From Today Will not keep engine idling beyond 1 minutes. Will Walk and/or Cycle - if possible. Will Leave no food in the plate. Will try For reception & Barat in day time. Will help save Energy. Will save property. What I Will Do From Today Engine servicing regularly. Follow Traffic rules, Speed limits Proper tyre air pressure and Clutch use Keep proper load, proper parking, Avoid racing, duplicate fuel & parts. Emission Reduction in Building Construction – • Save Cement • Height of water tank • Tap size • Allow maximum light • Rainwater harvesting • compulsory Solar water heater • Solar panels on roof top • Passive solar design • Implement ECBC 2007 Use Cooling Ducts Big Questions are.. 1. Development Vs Crying For GW 2. Will It Happen Or A Hoax Ray of Hope Released on 30 June 2008 Approach – 8 National Missions 1. Solar Mission 2. Enhanced Energy Efficiency 3. Sustainable Habitat 4. Water Mission 5. Himalayan Ecosystem 6. Green India Mission 7. Sustainable Agriculture 8. Strategic Knowledge for C C Full Regards to The Press Why and for Whom ? For Mother Earth and Future Generations “YOU CAN” Do all the Good You Can In all the Way You Can In all the Places You Can At all the Times You Can To all the People You Can As long as Ever You Can RALPH WALDO TRINE Global Warming …..STOP THINK AND ACT….. THANKS Ajit Sonakia, IFS E-9/K-3 Char Imli Bhopal, M.P. 0091-0755-2674236 (O), 2674237(R), Mobile 09425303104. [email protected]