Transcript Jazz AOS2 Shared music YEAR 11 REVISIONx

JAZZ – AOS2 – SHARED
MUSIC
L.O - To understand the musical features
found in Jazz music.
To be able to learn and use the correct
musical vocabulary.
PLC
• Complete the PLC in your booklet on Jazz music
• Read each statement and tick either  “confused face” or

Background and Context
• What? A fusion of African & American music with
Improvisation.
• Where? USA
• When? Early 1900s
• Who? Louis Armstrong
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WPCBieSESI
Miles Davis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLDflhhdPCg&list=PLdhGk7
gKuZxYut3naMt3K1b3uwMbzZPIM
Charlie Parker https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7gwl29diADw
(REMEMBER THESE NAMES!)
Different styles of Jazz
• New Orleans style
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdftdlVEOuM
• Chicago style
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lGRNmIseCs
• Big Band style
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYLbrZAko7E
• Be-Bop and Cool Jazz
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjZa7lyyGlw
• http://www.gcse-music.co.uk/#!jazz/c1dix
How do the instrument interact?
• Drum Bass and Piano hold the rhythm together with the
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bass and piano outlining the chords (harmony).
Lead instruments play the tune or Head often together (in
unison) and take it in turns to improvise over the set
chord sequence.
Perform from lead sheets – a type of score that provides
you with the melody, chords and basic structure of the
piece.
All members understand what role their instrument takes
and create their own part form the lead sheet.
Venue/Location: Jazz club/concert hall
Tonality and melody
• Blues scale – a major scale with flattened 3rd, 5th and
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7th degrees
Blues scale is used for the melody line
When a performer improvises, they will use notes from
the Blues scale.
Improvisation is used a lot in Jazz music, allowing the
performer to express themselves musically.
They may decorate the melody by adding ornaments;
change the rhythm of the melody; take a fragment of the
melody and improvise around that.
Instruments and their roles – rhythm
section
Instrument
Role
Other details
Drums
Rhythm section/
accompaniment
Maintain the beat. Use
of swung and
syncopated rhythms
Double Bass
Rhythm section/
accompaniment
Outline the chords
(harmony)
Walking bass line
Piano
Rhythm section/
accompaniment
Outline the chords
(harmony)
Comping – rhythmic
chordal patterns
Instruments and their roles – horn section
Instrument
Role
Other detail
Saxophone
Lead/melody
Often play the tune, also
known as the Head.
Will improvise using the
blues scale over the set
chord sequence.
Trombone
Lead/melody
See above
Trumpet
Lead/melody
See above
Structure
• 12 bar blues structure
• Can sometimes be 32 bars long, depending on the piece
you are listening to.
Chord I
Chord I
Chord I
Chord I
Chord IV7
Chord IV7
Chord I
Chord I
Chord V7
Chord IV7
Chord I
Chord I
Other important musical features
• Tempo - Jazz Ballads slow. Bebop Very fast!
• Rhythm - Swing Rhythm. Dotted feel.
• Articulation - Strong Accents on first beat of the bar and on
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the beat.
Dynamics - Ballads can be quiet. Big band and Bebop loud!
Expression - Improvisation = musical expression through the
spontaneous creation of music!
Devices - Riffs, Imitation, Call & Response, 12 Bar Blues or 32
Bar Popular song Structure (AABA).
Texture - Dixiland Jazz - Polyphonic. Melody and
Accompaniment common with solo lead.
Instruments - Rhythm Section = Drums, Piano, Bass.
Frontline = Trumpet, Saxophone, Trombone.
Pitch - Various - soloists will often improvise over their whole
range.