Hot, Flat and Crowded
Download
Report
Transcript Hot, Flat and Crowded
Chs 7 & 8
Dr. Ron Lembke
Sustainability
5:Global Weirding
In the US, it’s a political issue, so there must be two
sides?
CO2
280 ppm for human history
Last 250 years up to 384 ppm – where we are now
Milankovich Cycles (pp 117-8):
Earth’s orbit not circular, 100,000 year cycle
Tilted axis shifts: 40,000 year cycle
Plane of orbit relative to sun: 21,000 year cycle
I don’t think so
5: Climate Models
5 year old data – China high gear
IPCC Summary for Policymakers
Political document
7”-23” ocean rise
We’re at 384 ppm
450 ppm would be 2°C increase
550 ppm would lead to 3° C increase
Used to be target
Pests not killed by freezes
Ice sheets melting faster than predicted
Oceans more acidic than thought
350? Really hard
Methane frozen in Tundra
Arctic, Western Siberia, Alaska
500 billion tons – converted to methane
Methane 21 times the impact of CO2.
Equivalent to 10 trillion tons of CO2
730 trillion tons of CO2 currently?
3,000 trillion tons of CO2 currently?
Global Weirding
Atlanta
Water shortage? Why more than used to?
Montana:
Elk season had to be moved
No trout in the streams
Snowcaps in August gone
Higher temperatures increase evaporation
Soils drying out
More water in the atmosphere, has to come down
Means when it rains, it pours, more huge downpours
Changing wind patterns
Search “cities hardest hit by climate change evaporation” Nevada
came up first:
http://www.cier.umd.edu/climateadaptation/Climate%20change--NEVADA.pdf
Cedar River broke record by 6 feet
6: Who cares about biodiversity?
ecosystem services
fresh water, filter pollutants,
breeding grounds for fisheries,
buffer from tropical storms,
insects that pollinate our crops,
take CO2 out of the atmosphere
Burning Down the House
“uniquely valuable library we have been burning
down -- one wing at a time -- before we have even
cataloged all the books, let alone read them all”
1,000 times the background rate
Localized as humans moved around:
Bering Strait 12,000 yrs ago
Sabre Tooth Tigers
Wooly Mammoths
Woolly Mammoths
Roughly elephant-sized:
14 ft high, 6-9 TONS
Smilodon populator
(Sabertooth Tigers)
51” high at the shoulder
Weighed up to 800 lbs
Extinct 10,000 yrs ago
What we can Find
Voracious caterpillars of American moth
saved Australia's pastureland from an overgrowth of
cactus
Madagascar - rosy periwinkle alkaloids
cure most cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute
childhood leukemia
obscure Norwegian fungus
made possible the organ transplant industry
saliva of leeches
solvent that prevents blood clots during/after surgery
Deforestation
Every 20 minutes,
One species goes extinct
1,200 acres of forest burned, cleared for development
CO2 from deforestation
Greater than all transportation emissions
Europe: Biofuels not from nature reserves, tropical
forests, grasslands with high biodiversity
More CO2 released than saved
“black carbon” – ash shorter lived in atmosphere
Aurochs
Extinct 400 years. 2,200 lbs, 6.5 ft at shoulder
“genetic expertise and selective breeding”
Auroch DNA from preserved bone material
Not exactly the same, genetically, look the same
Web of Life
Yellowstone Aspen trees
Elk were eating
Reintroducing wolves saved the trees:
Wolves ate the elk (one elk per wolf, in winter), fewer
elk, so fewer trees eaten
Elk wouldn’t go to blind areas to eat
“When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it
hitched to everything else in the universe.”
John Muir
Code Green
Generation of Clean Energy
Mitigate climate change and its impacts
Strategy for preserving biodiversity
Biodiversity loss could destabilize the carrying capacity
of the planet, as much as climate change
Conclusions
Climate Change is real
Warmer temperatures bring weirdness, not just heat
Save the bugs and the fungi, not just the polar bears