Transcript Thailand - World Bank

Country Development
Partnership on Environment
(2008-2010)
CDP-E Phase II
Manida Unkulvasapaul and Jitendra (Jitu) Shah,
World Bank, 12 September 2008
CDP-E Phase II: Outline

Context and Rationale




NRE in Thailand
Emerging issues  Impacts of CC in Thailand
Thailand-World Bank Partnership (CDP-E)
CDP-E II Framework
1. Climate Change initiatives – Global and Local
•
TGO and ONEP Programs
2. Support integrated resources management
•
IWRM in the northeast (DWR) Coastal erosion (DMCR)
3. Support regional and global issues (ODS, POPs)
4. Overall coordination and partnership support.
Context and Rationale
Thailand’s rapid growth has brought indisputable
progress. But has also induced a continued
degradation of the country’s Natural Resources
and the Environment (particularly of water and air
quality, land and forests, and coastal areas).


1.
2.
3.
Other emerging issues are now increasing the
pressure:
Climate Change
Coastal erosion / mangrove degradation
Need for integrated water resources management (IWRM)
 Climate Change and air pollution are
today two main concerns for Bangkok
citizens
Bangkok Post, 9 September 2008
CC in Thailand




1994: baseline of 286 million t CO2-eq/yr
1999-2004: GHG emissions grew by 30%
2008: Thailand ranks 24th emitter country
2030 Projections: 840 million t CO2-eq/yr
(50% power, 50% industry and transport)
70
Countries with Largest Percentage Increase in Emissions: 1994-2004
60
1994-1999
1999-2004
Percent
50
40
30
20
10
0
Malaysia
Thailand
China
Iran
Spain
India
Saudi
Arabia
Turkey
Egypt
United
Arab
Emirates
Indonesia
Impacts of CC in Thailand





Impact:
Effect:
Impact:
Effect:
Impact:
Effect:
Impact:
Effect:
Impact:
Sea level
More inundation
Sea temperature
More acidification
Precipitation
More flooding
Droughts
Bad harvests
Ecosystem
changes
Effect: Sub-tropical life
zones disappear
Why Should Thailand
Do Anything?
Truth: No obligation for Thailand
Reality:
 Thailand should be prepared for socioeconomic and environmental adaptation
 Thailand could be a CC leader for SEA
 Immense opportunities for private sector
(new markets, new technologies, and new
business models will appear)
Costs of Action & Inaction –
“Wait and See” is not Sensible

Inaction
• Loss from 3% up to 20% of GDP (Stern 2007).
• Global losses of $160-330 billion, projected to
$850-1,350 billion by 2030 (UNFCCC, 2008).

Action
• Stabilization of emissions would cost 0-3% of
global GDP by 2050 (IPCC, 2007).
• Additional $200-210 billion in 2030 to return
global emissions to current levels.
• Costs of adaptation in developing countries
around $9-41 billion per year (World Bank, 2007).
Responses To Date







Tenth Five Year Plan includes CC;
New Institutions: Climate Coordinating
Committee, Thailand Greenhouse Gas
Management Organization (TGO);
Energy conservation measures;
Promotion of alternative energy;
Stabilized forest cover;
Research on methane emissions;
CDM projects (10 registered, 22 submitted,
39 approved by TGO)
Thailand – World Bank
Partnership



Relationship evolved from a borrower-lender arrangement to
one where the Bank’s knowledge and technical assistance (TA)
provides value to Thailand’s NRE management.
CDP-E supports the Royal Thai Government in meeting the
country’s environmental goals (as established by MoNRE and
NESDB). Dialogue is, and will remain, and important element
to the success of CDP-E.
MNRE requested a 3 years extension of the CDP-E (2008-2010.
Initial discussions confirmed that a new issue like climate
change was a priority (especially regarding water and coastal
resources), but also building on CDP-E1 results and continue
the support to the ongoing projects (POPs, ODS) was very
important.
CDP-E Phase II Framework
1. Support Climate Change initiatives:
A. TGO Program
B. ONEP Program
2. Support integrated water resources
management:
A. IWRM in the northeast (DWR Program)
B. Coastal erosion (DMCR Program)
3. Other regional / global issues (ODS, POPs)
4. Overall coordination and support.
Policies Matter
CC as an Opportunity
for Vision and Leadership
Think Big, Take Small Steps:

1. Optimize existing assets
2. Look for new low-carbon
solutions
3. Be ahead of energy prices and
others in the region

Benefits of curbing CC emissions:
•
First mover advantage
(doing it now will be cheaper and more effective)
•
•
Cost reductions
(doing it will save you money)
Improved brand positioning and corporate image
(doing it will be good for your business)
Thank You
For further information contact:
Jitendra (Jitu) Shah
Country Sector Coordinator, EASES, SE Asia
The World Bank
30th Floor Siam Tower,
989 Rama I Rd, Pathumwan,
Bangkok Thailand 10330
' DIRECT LINE ++ 66 2 686 8360
' Cell phone ++ 6689 9214223
7 ++66 2 686 8301
[email protected]
www.worldbank.org/eapenvironment