Transcript The California Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Experience

Jie Weiss, PhD.
Professor of Health Science, CSUF
Determinants of Health
Determinants of Health

Definition:
Broad classes of factors that are powerful in their
cumulative and aggregate effects on health
 They are forces that shape behavioral and
environmental risk factors


Categories of factors:
Personal determinants
 Social determinants
 Economic determinants
 Environmental determinants
 Cultural determinants

Macro-Level
Agriculture
Societal
Community and Organizational
and economic
and
policies, food
cultural
Access to
subsidies
Local public
norms
Home/ Family
healthy and
health
unhealthy
programs,
foods in
policies
Gov’t food
schools
Individual
assistance
Household
Media and
programs
Psychological, Biological
environment
public
Local health Individualized
• preferences • age
and
feeding
health
education
care
• knowledge
• gender
practices,
National
Access
to
care
campaigns
services
•
attitudes
•
genes
including
healthcare /coverage
healthy
interventions
•
skills
supports
•
physiology
portion
policy
foods in
• role models
size
communities
Land use,
(grocery
zoning,
stores, fast
Federal
business
food, farmers
policies
Parent/child
care
provider
incentives
markets)
Food
(dietary
training and education
Advertising
guidelines,
Point-of-purchase
and
food
information, promotions in restaurants,
marketing
labeling)
convenience/grocery stores
Food Industry
action (product, packaging, pricing)
Lifestyle Factors

Practicing healthy habits can significantly
decrease our chances of developing chronic
disease (USDHHS, 1990).

“Genes load the gun. Lifestyle pulls the
trigger” by Dr. Elliot Joslin

Of all the health determinants, lifestyle factors
are among the most controllable and
influential factors
Multi-influences on Food Choices
The “moment” of food
choice, for humans and
other animals, is a step in
a series of behaviors
organized for the quest
for food.
There is a arousal by
biological and cultural
motives, detection of
food, decision to accept
food…
Biological influence
Psychological influence
Social Influence
Cultural influence
Biological Influence

Two forms:
1.
Physiological mechanisms-
2.
What is going on in the body when a food choice
occurs
Brain

How and where information about metabolic state is
integrated with information about the environment,
other motives
Psychological Influence

Origin of preferences:

Individuals vary widely in their food preferences
1.
2.
3.
4.

Acquisition of preferences:
1.
2.

Genetics
Early experience with parents
Peer influence
External influence, like media
Exposure to cultural traditions,
family practices
Food choice in the moment:
1.
2.
3.
Physical arrangement of food
Beliefs about food
Knowledge about the food—taste and health values
Social Influence

Age:


Digesting system
Gender:
1.
2.

Meat avoidance is more common in women
Women is more concerned with weight
Social status:
1.
2.
Income
Living environment
Cultural Influence

What is your culture?

What is the traditional food?

Meaning of food?