Transcript cleft lip and palate

Cleft lip and palate
Importance of disturbances in early Stages of
Development
There are five principal stages in craniofacial development
( l ) germ layer formation and initial
organization of craniofacial structures
(2) neural tube formation and initial formation of the oropharynx
(3) origins,migrations, and interactions of cell populations,
especially
neural crest cells
(4) formation of organ systems, especially the pharyngeal arches
and the primary and secondary
Palates
(5) final differentiation of tissues
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Disturbance in the forth stage (organ formation)
Clefting of the lip, palate, or,
less commonly, other facial
structures
They appear in the locations at which fusion of the various facial
processes failed to occur
Morphogenetic movements of the tissues are a prominent part of
the fourth stage of facial development.
A)Cleft lip
occurs because of a failure of fusion between
median and lateral nasal processes and maxillary
prominence, which normally occurs during the
sixth week of development.
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Disturbance in the third stage (organ formation)
Clefting of the lip, palate, or,
less commonly, other facial
structures
B)Cleft palate:
1. Primary palate: occurs because of a failure of fusion between
median and lateral nasal processes and the maxillary
prominence, which normally occurs during the sixth week of
development.
accompany of cleft lip and notch in the alveolar process is likely
even without cleft of the secondary palate.
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Treatment procedure in different stages
1.Infant orthopedics
2.Late Primary and Early Mixed Dentition Treatment.
3.Early Permanent Dentition Treatment
4.Orthognathic Surgery for Patients with Cleft Lip and
Palate
Treatment procedure
1.Infant orthopedics
2.Late Primary and Early Mixed Dentition Treatment.
3.Early Permanent Dentition Treatment.
4.Orthognathic Surgery for Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate
Orthodontics and TMDs
The relationship of malocclusion and adaptive function to
temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD)
the number of people with at least moderate degrees of malocclusion
(50% to 75% of the population) far exceeds the number with TMD (5% to
30%)
Some individuals with poor occlusion have no problem with muscle pain
Some types of malocclusion (especially posterior crossbite with a shift on
closure) correlate positively with TM joint problems while other types do
not, but even the strongest correlation coefficients are only 0.3 to 0.4. This
means that for the great majority of patients, there is no association
between malocclusion and TMD.
it seems unlikely that occlusal patterns alone are enough to cause
hyperactivity of the oral musculature. A reaction to stress usually is
involved