Transcript DSE assessors version 2x

Eyesight effects
• Visual fatigue (temporary)
– impaired visual performance
– red or sore eyes
– headache
• visually a demanding task but:– no permanent damage caused
– no worsening of existing defects
• though they may be brought to light by DSE work
The Eye
Causes of eyesight effects
• Staying in position or concentrating for a long
time
• poor position of DSE
• poor legibility of screen or documents
• poor lighting, glare or reflections
• drifting, flickering, or jittering image
Anatomy and Physiology
and common Musculoskeletal
problems
The Spine
The Spine - Close up
Static Postures
Static postures exert forces (static loading) on muscles and
tendons, which contributes to fatigue.
This occurs because not moving increases
muscle tension so impedes the flow of blood that
is needed to bring nutrients to the muscles and
to carry away the waste products of muscle
metabolism.
Static posture
Fatigued muscles
Injury
Pain
The Neck
Neck problems
Common conditions
Main Causes
• Cervical Spondylosis
• Whiplash
• Degeneration
• Trapped nerve
– Trauma e.g. whiplash
– Poor posture
– Degeneration
Symptoms
– Pain local and referred
– Spasm
– Pins and needles
– Headaches
– Swelling and heat
Back problems
Back pain is common 80% of adults will suffer with
back pain
Possible conditions
• Slipped disc
• Degeneration
• Spondylosis
• Spondylolisthesis
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Possible Causes
Poor position/posture
Length of time in one
position
Lack of body fitness
Static muscle loading
Back pain
• Spondylolisthesis is the
movement of one
vertebra in either the
foreward or backward
direction due to
instability.
Back pain
How we sit and what we sit on affects the health of the
spine
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
• compression of the nerves
& blood vessels can also
occur with repetitive
activities when the arms are
held overhead or extended
forward
• the more likely cause is
slouching forward and
dropping the shoulders
• causing tension in the
muscles at the side of the
neck & constricting the
arteries and nerves.
Epicondylitis
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Epicondylitis:Tennis elbow (outside)
Golfer’s elbow (inside)
Tennis elbow – Caused due to the over use of
the muscles attached by the common extensor
origin to the bones of the elbow
• The area will be painful and tender to touch
and movements of the wrist and hand
especially when loaded, will be painful.
• Rest and anti inflammatory medication usually
reduce the symptoms
• Golfer’s elbow – Similar to tennis elbow
however pain and inflammation is experienced
on the inner side of the elbow. Pain may spread
to the forearm and wrist.
Tenosynovitis and Tendonitis
• Tenosynovitis affects the
sheath of tendons and
Tendonitis affects the
tendon itself:- Caused by
overuse or awkward use. Any
tendon can be affected however
commonly seen in the wrist and
hand.
• Symptoms include pain,
tenderness and swelling of the
affected area and sometimes
stiffness of the joint which is
moved by the tendon.
• Resting the joint and taking anti
inflammatory medication can
help to ease the problem area.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome :- Occurs when the median nerve, which runs
from the forearm into the hand, becomes pressed or squeezed at the wrist.
Symptoms usually start gradually, with frequent burning, tingling, or itching
numbness in the palm of the hand and the fingers, especially the thumb and
the index and middle fingers. Women more prone than men
Bursitis and Ganglions