Transcript Functional Clothing

Functional Clothing:
The emerging segment of
Technical Textiles
Dr Deepti Gupta
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,
INDIA
Origin Africa, April 2012, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Everyday clothing vs
Functional Clothing
Normal Clothing : Fulfils basic needs –
aesthetic to simple protection from
elements.
Functional Clothing : Engineered to
deliver pre-defined performance to
user, over and above its normal
functions.
Provide protection from hazardous to
life threatening situations, facilitate
healing or recuperation and reduce
fatigue during sporting activities.
Aesthetics vs performance
Drivers for growth
• Advances in technical fibres and
fabrics
• Advances in garment manufacturing
technologies
• Availability of military technologies
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Functional clothing: characteristics
• Physiological requirements - shape, size,
mass, strength and metabolic activities.
• Biomechanical requirements - dynamic and
behavioral analysis of human activity.
• Ergonomic requirements - mechanical
characteristics of clothing should match the
mechanics of human body.
• Psychological requirements – Peer group,
pride, social and cultural background,
aesthetics.
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User
Activity
User Survey
Work
Environment
User
Requirements
Material
selection
Seams &
Stitches
Material
selection
Openings
& closures
Layering &
Zoning
Accessories
Garment Design
Size and Fit
Pattern Design
Garment
Assembly
Testing &
Analysis
Not Appropriate
Bench scale Pattern Design
Field Trials
Process flow
for design of
Technical
clothing
Appropriate
Production
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Functional ClothingClassification Based on Application
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Protective (extreme weather, NBC, injuries)
Medical (therapeutic, bio sensing)
Sports (performance enhancing)
Vanity (body sculpting, body support)
Cross functional (military, space suits)
Special needs (disabled, elderly, pregnant)
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Protective Clothing
1.1. Protection against environmental hazards
- Natural or occupational
Extreme heat, fire, cold, rain, snow, dust,
wind, UV exposure.
1.2. Protection against biological, Chemical
and Radiation hazards
Ingestion, penetration or skin contact of
hazardous chemicals, body fluids, toxic
gases, germs or radioactive particulate
matter.
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Protective Clothing
1.3 Protection against injuries
High impact –
• Extreme sport applications - motor
biking, snow boarding
• Ballistic.
Blunt impact• Anti –riot , cricket ball hockey,
collisions, falls.
Cut/ Slash –
• Meat cutting, chain saw work
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Medical Clothing
2.1 Therapeutic/ Rehabilitation
Compression garments for
burns, venous and lymphatic
disorders, post operative.
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Medical Clothing
2.1 Therapeutic/ Rehabilitation
Proprioception for bodily function impairment
(body strength, sensory motor skills.
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2. Medical Clothing
2.2 Biosensing clothing
Used to map critical physiological
parameters -heart rate, blood
oxygenation, pulse rate, body
temperature.
Critical care in ambulatory mode
for elderly, disabled.
Fitness assessment of sports
persons , military personnel.
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3. Sports Clothing
Minimum restriction, maximum protection, enhanced performance
General Sportswear
• Aesthetic,
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Skin drying, Moisture transport
Body temperature control
Antibacterial
UV block
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3. Sports Clothing
Performance sportswear
Compression
Blood circulation, higher oxygen
supply
Lower muscle vibration, reduced
fatigue
Body shape modification
Aerodynamic for wind resistance
Triathlon
shorts
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Proprioception
Muscle support
Aerodynamic
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New
4. Vanity Clothing
Clothing designed for body
sculpting
• Used to compress, uplift or
support certain body parts
preferentially to create a
sculpted look.
• Invisible support built into
seams, special construction
techniques.
• Pants, undergarments,
Posture shirt
http://www.WearItOut.com.au
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4. Vanity Clothing
Eg. Posture enhancing shirt
• Combines the science of proprioception
(the unconscious perception of movement
and spatial orientation arising from stimuli
within the body itself) and targeted
skeletal support technology.
• The body is "cued" by neuro-receptors in
the skin firing messages to the brain to pull
the shoulders back while the integrated
support system provides a subtle pulling
and support action.
Creates a positive anatomical change in
the body- the upper arm and shoulder
socket have been shown to be better
aligned.
Opedix.com
5. Cross Functional
clothing assemblies
Clothing required to fulfill
several essential functions
– Military Clothing
– Space suits
Protection, performance,
communication, comfort all are
equally critical.
Cross functional clothing assemblies
Military Clothing
Protection from hazards - ballistic, environmental
(temperature, wind, precipitation, terrain, insects),flame, nuclear, chemical
and biological agents, IR detection, laser, microwaves, static electricity and
mental stress.
Functionality – Perform military tasks with ease, mobility
Compatibility with other elements : helmet, gas mask,
ballistics gear, survival vest, cooling systems and hand and foot gear.
Communication: (GPS, monitoring and discreet devices).
Identification: Friend or foe
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Space suit
18,000 odd parts, 11 layers,
Everything an astronaut needs to stay alive –.
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Stable internal pressure.
Mobility- Achieved by careful joint design.
Breathable oxygen.
Temperature regulation
Shielding against UV radiation, particle
radiation
Protection against small micrometeoroids
A communication system
Means to recharge and discharge gases and
liquids
Means to maneuver, dock, release onto
spacecraft
Means of collecting and containing solid
and liquid waste
Michael Quante, AATCC NEWS, Nov.2009.
http://mvl.mit.edu/EVA/biosuit/index.html
Clothing for Special needs
Design considerations
include changed body
shape, limitations of
strength and mobility,
social and
psychological needs.
– Aged, paraplegics,
disabled.
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In Conclusion
Functional clothing • Receptive to new products and technologies
• Highly sophisticated and high-tech.
• Applications are diverse and complex
• Available information is fragmented or
protected.
Evolutionary & Interdisciplinary
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Thank you for your attention!!
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