Transcript CHAPTER 21.1 PHYSICAL THERAPY SKILLS

CHAPTER 21.1
PHYSICAL THERAPY
SKILLS
R. O. M.
PAGES 801-808
ROM: Range of Motion
Exercises that are done to maintain the
health of the musculoskeletal system.
Each joint and muscle in the body is
moved through the full range of motion
Ordered for patients with limited ability to
move
ROM is performed by PT, PTA, RN,
C.N.A., and PCT
ROM is Used to Prevent:
Contractures
Muscle and Joint Dysfunction
Circulatory Impairment
Mineral Loss ( in Ca = FX, Kidney
Stones)
Poor Appetite, Constipation, UTI,
Respiratory Problems, Pneumonia
Types of ROM:
Active ROM: Performed by the
Patient
Active Assistance ROM: The Patient
performs “most” of the movement
Passive ROM: Another person
performs the ROM on the Patient
Resistive ROM: ROM is done by a
therapist with resistance
Check Your Orders
Prior to starting ROM on any patient, make
sure you know what the limitations are on
the patient and what your Certification will
Legally Allow you to do
Check for Pain Meds
Check for HX and other DX that might be
detrimental the patient during ROM
Consider the Patient Age, Sex, and
Privacy Issues
Various Movements
Abduction: Away from Midline
Adduction: To Midline
Flexion: Bending
Extension: Straightening
Hyperextension: Excessive Straightening
Rotation: Around the Axis
Circumduction: Full ROM for a Ball Joint
Pronation: Turning Downward (Palm)
Supination: Turning Upward (Palm)
Various Movements
Opposition: Touching each finger with the
thumb
Inversion: Turning Inward
Eversion: Turning Outward
Dorsoflexion: Bending Backward
Plantar Flexion: Bending Forward
Radial Deviation: Thumb Side IN
Ulnar Deviation: Little Finger OUT
Principles of ROM
Slow, Smooth, and Gentle
Support Above and Below the Joint
Never Force a Joint to the point of Pain,
Resistance, or Fatigue
STOP if the Patient Complains and Notify the
Supervisor
Each Movement 3-5 times Each
Patient Should assist as much as Possible
Prevent Unnecessary Exposure
Maintain Privacy
Use Correct Body Mechanics