Transcript Review PowerPoint

Skeletal, Muscular, and
Integumentary Systems
What are the 3 types of
muscle tissue?
• Skeletal muscles
• Smooth muscles
• Cardiac muscles
cell-tissue-organorgan system-organism
• smallest/first/least complex
– organ
– organism
– tissue
– organ system
– cell
• largest/last/most complex
What are the 5 characteristics of
living things?
•
•
•
•
•
Are made of cells
Use energy
Grow and develop
Respond to stimuli
Have the ability to reproduce
joints
•
a place where two bones come together
pivot joint
• joints that have one bone that rotates in a
ring of another bone that does not move
Examples:
• turning your head
• twisting your forearm
epidermis
the outermost layer of the skin
hinge joints
tendons
a strong connective tissue that connects
muscles to bones
bone
• solid living tissue that makes up the
skeleton and supports the body
voluntary muscles
muscles that are under your control
• skeletal muscles
smooth muscle
• Moves substances through the body
• Found in walls of internal organs
(intestines, bladder, stomach, blood
vessels)
• involuntary muscles
red bone marrow
•
•
•
the part of a bone that produces blood
cells
red marrow makes blood cells
yellow marrow is mostly fat
pivot joint
hinge joints
• joints that move in a back-and-forth
movement
• joints that have a smaller range of motion
and are not dislocated as easily
Examples:
• knees
• elbows
• fingers
cartilage
•
a soft, flexible tissue that makes up most
of the skeleton of an infant and is found
in the nose, ears, and the at the end of
long bones of adults
ball-and-socket joint
• joints that consist of a bone with a rounded
end that fits into a cuplike cavity on
another bone
• joint that provides a wide range of motion.
Examples:
• shoulders
• hips
organ
• A group of tissues that work together to
perform a function or task
ligaments
•
a strong connective tissue that holds
bones together at movable joints
melanin
the pigment that gives skin its color
tissue
• a group of similar cells working together to
perform a specific function
involuntary muscles
muscles that are not under your control
• smooth muscles, cardiac muscles
gliding joint
• joints that have one part of a bone that
slides over another bone
Examples:
• Wrists
• Ankles
• Between vertebrae
gliding joint
relaxes
when a muscle returns to its original length
immovable joint
• a joint which allows little or no movement
Examples:
• skull
• pelvis
fatty layer
The inner-most layer of skin. Also called the
subcutaneous layer.
organ system
• a group of organs that work together to
perform a complex function
dermis
the inner layer
of the skin
immovable joint
ball-and-socket joint
cardiac muscle
• Moves blood through the body
• Found only in the heart
• Involuntary muscle
hair follicles
structures in the skin
where hair grows
skeletal muscles
• Attach to bones to provide movement
• Blinking eyes, talking, breathing, eating,
dancing and writing all produced by these
muscles
• Voluntary muscles
contracts
when a muscle gets shorter
sweat pores
openings in the skin
where sweat
comes out
sweat
gland
• Can unicellular organisms have tissues,
organs, or organ systems?
• No. Tissues are made of more than one
cell.
yes
• Can an organ belong to more than one
organ system?
• For example, the large intestine is part of
both the digestive and excretory systems.
organ systems
• Which are more complex, organ systems
or organs?
organs
• Which are more complex, tissues or
organs?
tissues
• Which are more complex, tissues or cells?
function (job)
What is the shape of a cell usually related to?
digestive system
• the group of organs that breaks down food
into molecules that are small enough to be
absorbed by and transported throughout
the body
Lymphatic System
Name the organ system that:
• collects and returns lymph to the
circulatory system
• filters bacteria and disease-causing
organisms
Lymphatic System
Name the organs of this system.
• lymph nodes
• If the lymphatic system didn't drain the
excess fluid from the tissues, the lymph
fluid would build up in the body's tissues
and they would swell.
lymph
• a clear, watery fluid containing white blood
cells, protein molecules, salts, glucose,
urea, and other substances;
• comes from body tissues and circulates
throughout the lymphatic system
lymphatic system
• the system by which lymph is returned
from the cells to the blood and by which
white blood cells are produced in response
to inflammation or presence of antigens
(antigens stimulate the production of
antibodies)
lymph nodes
• 95. areas of tissue that filter diseasecausing organisms in lymph; found in
clusters in the neck, armpit, and groin area
lymphocyte
white blood cells
• the type of blood cells that help the body
fight disease by attacking invading
microorganisms and making antibodies to
fight infection