Transcript Chapter 20 Support a..

Chapter 20 Support and Movement
Chapter 21 Digestion Review
What type of skeleton do humans
have?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Exoskeleton
Ectoskeleton
Endoskeleton
Muscoloskeleton
True or False
• Your skeletal system is made mostly of bone.
True
True or False
• Bone is a very soft tissue, which is also a little
flexible.
• False
True or False
• Your skeleton also contains cartilage, which is
tough, flexible tissue.
• True
• What are some examples of cartilage?
• Nose and ears
What makes up the axial skeleton?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chest, arms, backbone
Skull, rib cage, backbone
Legs, arms, skull
Rib cage, arms, hips
True or False
• The Appendicular skeleton consists of the shoulder,
hip, pelvis, arms, and legs.
• True
The Skeletal System cont.
• Human skeleton is divided into 2 main parts:
– Axial skeleton: skull, rib cage, backbone
– Appendicular skeleton: shoulder, hip, pelvis, arms,
legs
How many bones make up the average
adult human body?
a.
b.
c.
d.
100
300
250
206
What is the largest bone in the human
body?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Femur
Skull
Rib
Backbone
Structure of Bones cont.
• The hardest part of the bone is called the
compact bone, which is made up of living bone
cells, tough protein fibers, and mineral deposits.
– Calcium is the mineral that makes bone hard and
gives bone its strength.
Structure of Bones cont.
• The ends of bones are made up of spongy bone,
which have many spaces like a sponge.
– Its structure adds strength to bone without adding
much weight.
Structure of Bones cont.
• The space in the spongy bone are filled with bone
marrow, which is a soft tissue.
– New blood cells are made in red marrow which can be
found in spongy bone.
– The center, or shaft, of long bones contain yellow
marrow, which is made mostly of fat cells.
What holds your bones together?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Tendons
Ligaments
Muscles
Joints
What type of joint is this?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hinge Joint
Ball-and-Socket Joint
Pivotal Joint
Gliding Joint
What type of joint is this?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hinge Joint
Ball-and-Socket Joint
Pivotal Joint
Gliding Joint
What type of joint is this?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hinge Joint
Ball-and-Socket Joint
Pivotal Joint
Gliding Joint
What type of joint is this?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hinge Joint
Ball-and-Socket Joint
Pivotal Joint
Gliding Joint
Formation of Bones
• As a developing baby,
your skeleton was made
mostly of cartilage.
– During the 2nd and 3rd
months of development
bones begin to form.
– Bone cells replace cartilage
and calcium compounds
were deposited
At what age is the replacement of
cartilage into bone completed?
a.
b.
c.
d.
10
15
20
30
How many muscles does the human
body contain?
a.
b.
c.
d.
100
300
234
More than 600
What type of muscles are attached to
bone and allow us to move?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Smooth (involuntary)
Cardiac
Skeletal (voluntary)
Rough
What type of muscles are ones that we
can not control?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Smooth (involuntary)
Cardiac
Skeletal (voluntary)
Rough
Muscle actions cont.
• A muscle that bends a joint is called a flexor.
• A muscle that straightens a joint is called an
extensor.
Skin
• Skin is the largest organ
of the human body.
• Dead skin cells form
much of the outer layer
of skin, which is called
the epidermis.
• The main function for
skin is to support and
protect the body.
What type of digestion occurs when
food is physically broken down into
smaller pieces?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chemical
Mechanical
Psychological
Mental
What type of digestion occurs when
large food molecules are broken down
into smaller molecules?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chemical
Mechanical
Psychological
Mental