Transcript Ergonomics

Ergonomics
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
What is Ergonomics?
• “Ergonomics is an applied science concerned
with the design of workplaces, tools, and tasks
that match the physiological, anatomical, and
psychological characteristics and capabilities of
the worker.” Vern Putz-Anderson
• “The Goal of ergonomics is to ‘fit the job to the
person,’ rather than making the person fit the
job.” Ergotech
• “If it hurts when you are doing something, don’t
do it.” Bill Black
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Evolution of Ergonomics
• Dates back to Ramazzini 1700’s
• Gained significance during WWII for airplane
cockpit layout
• Progressed slowly until the 80’s and 90’s with
the advent of the computer and more efficient
workplace design
• Now, guidelines are in place and greater use
of technology
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Why do we care about
Ergonomics?
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Musculoskelatal Disorders (MSDs)
Represent 1 in 3 Lost Time Injuries
MSDs
Contact with Objects
Workplace Violence
All Other
Transportation Related
Falls
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Annual Survey, 1996
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MSDs Cost Twice the Average
Workers’ Compensation Claim
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
MSDs of the Back
Upper Extremity
MSDs
Average Claim
Average Costs per Claim ($)
Source: Workers’ Compensation data from Insurance Companies 1993
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Types of Injuries
• Muscle pain
• Repetitive motion
injury
• Joint pain
• Cumulative trauma
disorder
• Swelling
• Numbness
• Musculoskeletal
disorder
• Restricted motion
• Repetitive stress injury
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Benefits of Ergonomics
• Decreased injury risk
• Increased productivity
• Decreased mistakes/rework
• Increased efficiency
• Decreased lost work days
• Decreased turnover
• Improved morale
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Ergonomic Controls
• Engineering
• Administrative
• Work Practices
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Other Issues
• Aging workforce
• Universal design
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Task Analysis Tools
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Risk Factors
• Force
• Frequency
• Posture
• Duration
• Contact Stress
• Environment
• Vibration
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
Recognizing a WMSD Problem
• Use OSHA 200/300 logs
• Accident Reports
• Workman’s Compensation info
• Employee Surveys
• Visual Cues
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Body Part
Discomfort Form
and Rating Scale
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Types of Analysis Tools
Checklists
• Easy to use
• Less time consuming
• Minimal training
• Very sensitive: One check,
task must be considered
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Types of Analysis Tools
Quantitative
•
Less sensitive
•
More specific training
•
Provide a relative risk assessment
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Types of Analysis Tools
Narrative
•
More formal training and
experience required
•
Provides specific areas
for improvement
•
Very time consuming
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
Checklists
• Washington State Checklist (WISHA)
• NIOSH
• University of Michigan
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
OSHA e-Tools
• www.osha.gov
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM
What does the worker need to
know from this presentation?
ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM