Transcript Type WBLT Name Here Audience and Learning Goals

KINESIOLOGY
Energy
Systems
Anatomy
Biomechanics
“…….on your mark”
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Anatomy
Skeletal System
Location
Structure
Running
Muscular Systems
Function
Characteristics
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Anatomy
Skeletal System
Running
Muscular Systems
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Anatomy
Skeletal System
Running
Muscular Systems
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Energy Systems
ATP
CP
LA
O2
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Energy Systems
O2 means aerobic running in which ATP is
manufactured from food mainly sugar and fat.
This system produces ATP copiously and is the
prime energy source during endurance
activities
O2
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Energy Systems
CP - Creatine Phosphate: a chemical compound stored
in muscle, which when broken down aids in the
manufacture of ATP. The combination of ADP and CP
produces ATP.
CP
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Energy Systems
LA
LA - Lactic acid: a fatiguing metabolite of the lactic acid
system resulting from the incomplete breakdown of glucose.
However Noakes in South Africa has discovered that although
excessive lactate production is part of the extreme fatigue
process, it is the protons produced at the same time that
restrict further performance
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Energy Systems
ATP
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate: a complex
chemical compound formed with the energy
released from food and stored in all cells,
particularly muscles. Only from the energy
released by the breakdown of this compound
can the cells perform work. The breakdown of
ATP produces energy and ADP.
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Biomechanics
The Running Cycle
No double support phase
Three phases
– stance (40%)
– float (30%)
– swing (30%)
Stance consists of
– contact, midstance, propulsion
‘Float’ phase
– body airborne, no foot contact
– consists of forward swing and foot descent
“Go”
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Biomechanics
Biomechanics of Running
There are two phases of running: the stance phase and
the swing phase. The stance phase consists of footstrike, mid-stance, and toe-off ; and the swing phase
consists of follow through, hip flexion and leg descent.
During an eccentric contraction, muscle fibers will slowly
elongate to slow down a particular motion, while a
concentric contraction involves shortening of the muscle
fibers to lift an object or move a limb in a particular
direction. During leg descent and foot-strike, the pelvis
flexes forward and the leg extends, the hamstring
muscles are eccentrically contracting to slow down both
of these particular movements (Figure 4). When the
eccentric load exceeds the strength of the muscle fibers,
tearing of the hamstring fibers occurs, resulting in a strain
injury.