Transcript Musculoskeletal Kinesiology

Head, Neck, and Face
Kinesiology Flash Cards
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Directions
• The first slide asks a question.
• The second slide answers the question.
• Use these slides like flash cards to test
your core knowledge.
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Question
• Where is the frontalis muscle?
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Answer
The forehead
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Question
• Which bone is situated posterior to the two
parietal bones to make up the back of the
skull?
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Answer
• The occipital bone
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Question
• What is the action of the frontalis muscle?
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Answer
• The frontalis muscle raises the eyebrows and wrinkles
the forehead.
• The frontalis muscle works with the occipitalis muscle.
The two are connected via the sheet tendon that covers
the top of the cranium.
• These muscles working together make a unit called the
epicranius. The tendon that attaches these muscles
together has two names: 1) the epicranial aponeurosis
and 2) the galea aponeurotica.
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Question
• What is the action of the occipitalis
muscle?
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Answer
• The occipitalis muscle assists the frontalis
muscle in raising the eyebrows.
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Question
• Which bone is commonly referred to as
the jaw bone?
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Answer
• The mandible
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Question
• What is the action of the corrugator
supercilii muscle?
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Answer
• The corrugator supercilii muscle brings the
eyebrows together, making wrinkles
between them.
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Question
• Which bones articulate to form the
temporomandibular joint?
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Answer
• The mandibular condyle (mandible)
articulates with the mandibular fossa of the
temporal bone.
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Question
• What type of joint is the
temporomandibular joint?
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Answer
• Combination of a plane and hinge joint
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Question
• What types of movements are available at
the temporomandibular joint?
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Answer
• Depression and elevation (hinge joint)
• Protraction and retraction (gliding joint)
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Question
• Which muscles open (depress) the jaw?
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Answer
• Primary
– External pterygoid
– Anterior head of the digastric
• Secondary
– Muscles attached to the hyoid bone
• Suprahyoid, digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid,
geniohyoid, infrahyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid,
omohyoid
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Question
• Which muscles close (elevate) the jaw?
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Answer
• Primary
– Masseter
– Temporalis
• Secondary
– Internal pterygoid
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Question
• What is the origin and insertion of the
sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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Answer
• Origin
– Superior margin of the sternum and the
medial aspect of the clavicle
• Insertion
– Mastoid process of the temporal bone
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Question
• What are the general actions of the
sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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Answer
• Bilaterally
– Flexes the neck
– Draws the head anteriorly
– Elevates the chin
• Unilaterally
– Rotates the head to the opposite side
– Laterally flexes the neck
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Question
• What is the origin and insertion of the
scalene muscles?
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Answer
• Origin
– Transverse process of the cervical vertebrae
• Insertion
– Superior surface of the first two ribs
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Question
• What is the origin and insertion of the
levator scapulae?
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Answer
• Origin
– Transverse processes of C1–C4
• Insertion
– Superior part of the medial border of the
scapula
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Question
• What actions does the trapezius perform
at the neck and head?
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Answer
• Extends the head and neck
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Question
• What actions does levator scapulae
perform at the neck?
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Answer
• Unilaterally
– Laterally flexes the neck to the same side
– Rotates the neck to the same side
• Bilaterally
– Extends the neck
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Question
• What muscle presses the cheeks against
the teeth? (Hint: this same muscle is used in
holding the cheeks in when playing a trumpet.)
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Answer
The buccinator
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Question
• What is the muscle that bulges at the
temples when clenching the teeth?
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Answer
The temporalis
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Question
• The joint between the first cervical
vertebra and the second cervical vertebra
is called ______.
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Answer
• The atlantoaxial joint
– The first cervical vertebrae is called the atlas
– The second cervical vertebrae is called the
axis
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Question
• What type of joint is the atlantoaxial joint?
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Answer
Pivot
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Question
• Which two bones form the atlantooccipital
joint?
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Answer
• The superior facets of the first cervical
vertebra (atlas) articulate with the occipital
condyles of the occipital bone.
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Question
• Which muscle bulges at the cheeks when
clenching the teeth?
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Answer
The masseter
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Question
• What is the round muscle that surrounds
the mouth?
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Answer
Orbicularis oris
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Question
• What is the round muscle that surrounds
each eye?
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Answer
The orbicularis occuli
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