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General Skeletal Muscle Smooth Muscle Muscle Muscle Metabolism Microanatomy 1pt 1 pt 1 pt 1pt 1 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2pt 2pt 2 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4pt 4 pt 4pt 5pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt The four main functions of muscles What are movement, maintain posture, stabilize joints and generate heat The four functional characteristics true of all muscle types. What are excitability, contractibility, extensibility, and elasticity DOUBLE JEOPARDY A main microanatomical characteristic common to both skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle What are striations The term referring to the fused cells that makes up a muscle fiber What is a syncytium The layer of connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle, and the extension of this tissue forms a _____ connecting the muscle to the bone What is epimysium, tendon. The phenomenon in which “voluntary” muscles remain in a slightly contracted state at all times. What is muscle tone A type of contraction in which tension increases within the muscle, but the muscle never actually shortens (load overcomes strength of contraction) What is an isometric contraction The neurotransmitter that transmits the nerve impulse to the skeletal muscle cell What is aceytlcholine The tubule network that sequesters Calcium, and then releases it when prompted by an action potential What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum The protein associated with the _____ filament that binds calcium is called ________. What is thin, troponin The location(s) of smooth muscle in the body What are hollow, “tubelike” organs DOUBLE JEOPARDY The main function of smooth muscle What is peristalsis The pouchlike infoldings of the plasma membrane which sequesters Calcium What are calveoli The factor(s) that regulate contraction of smooth muscle cells What are neurotransmitters (Ach, Epi, NE) and local factors (hormones, pH, temperature The protein that binds Calcium, triggering a series of reactions allowing myosin to bind to actin in smooth muscle cells What is calmodulin The chemical that serves as our main form of energy What is adenosinetriphosphate (ATP) The first step in every metabolic process What is glycolysis The product(s) of anaerobic metabolism What is lactic acid and ~ 2 ATP The product(s) of aerobic metabolism What is water, carbon dioxide and 36 ATP The location within the cell of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism What is mitochondria (aerobic) and cytosol (anaerobic) The contractile unit of a muscle fiber What is a sarcomere The area encompassing the entire width of the thick filament The connective tissue that covers cartilage What is the A band A group of muscle fibers grouped together and surrounded by perimysium What is a fascicle The area of thin filaments that are not overlapped with thick filaments. What is the I band The parts of the sarcomere that do not change in size during contraction The A band and the M line