Basics of Tissue Injuries - Doral Academy High School
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Transcript Basics of Tissue Injuries - Doral Academy High School
Basics of Tissue Injuries
Soft Tissue Injuries
• Wounds, Strains, Sprains
▫ Bleed, become infected, produced extra fluid
• Classification: Acute
▫ Occurs suddenly as a result of a high amount of
force applied to the tissue over a short time
(milliseconds-seconds)
• Wounds:
▫ Injuries to the skin
Incision
Abrasion
Contusion
Laceration
Avulsion
Amputation
Puncture
Contrecoup
▫ Bleed EXTERNALLY
• Sprains
▫ Bleed INTERNALLY
May cause fluid build up
Ligament (Bone to Bone)
• Strains
▫ Bleed INTERNALLY
Tendons (Muscle to Bone)
Muscle
Grading
• Grade 1
▫ Over stretched
No decreased ROM, WBAT, ADL
• Grade 2
▫ Partial tear
Decreased ROM, P w/ WB, decreased ADL, Bruising
• Grade 3
▫ Complete rupture
NWB, No ROM, often requires surgery
Chronic Soft Tissue Injury
• Chronic is the result of lesser forces being
applied over a long period of time (weeks to
months)
▫ Often the product of overuse
• Types:
▫
▫
▫
▫
Synovitis
Bursitis
Myositis
Fasciitis
• Synovitis
▫ Inflammation of the synovial joint lining
Acute injury that never healed or from repeated join
injury
• Bursitis
▫ Inflammation of the bursa sac
Tends to swell
• Myositis
▫ Chronic Inflammation of the muscle (Myo=
Muscle)
Sore, tender, mild swelling, excessively sore
• Fasciitis
▫ Inflammation of the Thick, rough connective
tissue that surrounds the muscles
Thicken, swollen, painful
Stages of Soft-Tissue Healing
• Stage 1: Acute Inflammatory
▫ Cells die from being ripped apart & from being cut
off from food and oxygen supply
Fresh blood bring chemicals to begin healing process
Phagocytes, Leukocytes, Platelets (Vocab)
▫ Acute stage lasts 48hrs
• Stage 2: Repair
▫ Injured area filled with fresh blood, cells, and
chemicals to rebuild the damage.
Fibroblasts for scar tissue 6wks-3mo depending on
severity
• Stage 3: Remodeling
▫ Takes up to 1 year+
Factors That Slow Healing
• Poor Blood Supply
• Poor nutrition
• Illness/disease
▫ Diabetes
• Medications
▫ Corticosteriods
Chems made in the body to help reduce
inflammation
• Infection
Bone Injuries
• Dislocation
▫ Force displaces two ends of articulating bone
causes them to seperate
▫ Disloc also causes:
Avulsion fx
Strains/sprains
Disruptions of blood flow
Disruption of nerve conduction
▫ Present w/ obvious deformity, P, NO ROM
• Fractures
▫ Failure point
Vary with age, bone structure, medical
predisposition
▫ (osteoporosis)
▫ Name according to type of impact/how failure
occurs
Broken/cracked/chipped/hairline fx
▫ 13 types of fractures
Stages of Bone Healing
• Stage 1: Acute
▫ injury causes break which causes bleeding at site
Osteoclasts begin to eat the debris to absorb back in
the body
Osteoblasts begin to add new layers to outside of
bone
Lasts 4 days
• Stage 2: Repair
▫ Soft Callus forms internally and externally to hold
fractured ends together
▫ Eventually turns to hard callus
▫ Process turning callus to bone begins at 3 weeks
and last approx 3mo
• Stage 3: Remodeling
▫ Takes several years to complete
Callus is reabsorbed and replaced with bone
Electrical stimulation can be applied to fx that are
not healing
▫ Due to minerals in bone
▫ Fractures can be nonunion
Only in WB bones
(leg, foot, scaphoid most common sites)
Painful, loss of ROM, necrosis
• Vocab
• Jigsaw
• worksheet