Transcript Sensory Modalities

Sensory Modalities
• General Senses:
1. Somatic (Exteroceptors)
a. Touch
b. Pressure
c. Temperature
d. Proprioception
e. Pain
2. Visceral (Interoceptors)
a. Pain
b. Pressure
Examples of sensory receptors and their
relationship with 1st order neurons
Sensory Modalities
• Special Senses
a. Smell or Olfaction
b. Taste or Gustation
c. Sight or Vision
d. Sound or Auditory
e. Balance or Equilibrium
The Process of Sensations
1. Stimulation of a sensory receptor
2. Transduction of the stimulus
Conversion of the stimulus into a graded
potential
3. Generation of an impulse
Conversion of a graded potential into an
action potential at a trigger zone and
propagation to CNS
4. Integration of sensory input
Classification of General
Sensory Receptors
Type of Sense Receptor Type
Stimulus
Touch
Mechanoreceptor
Compression
Pressure
Mechanoreceptor
Compression
Temperature
Thermoreceptors
Temperature
Proprioception Mechanoreceptor
Compression
Pain
Irritation
Nociceptors
Summary of Tactile Sensory Receptors
Receptor
Sensations
Adaptation
Meissner
Touch, pressure, slow
Corpuscles
vibrations
Hair root plexuses Touch
Rapid
Merkel’s disc
Slow
Touch and pressure
Rapid
Ruffini corpuscles Stretching of skin
Slow
Free nerve ending Itch/tickle
Both
Pacinian
Corpuscles
Pressure, fast vibrations, Rapid
tickling
Summary of Sensory Receptors
Receptor
Sensations
Adaptation
Free nerve ending Temperature
Rapid
Free nerve ending Pain
Slow
Muscle spindles
Muscle length
Slow
Tendon organs
Muscle tension
Slow
Joint Kinesthetic
receptors
Joint position and
movement
Rapid
Somatic Receptors of the Skin
Classification of
Special Sensory Receptors
Type of Sense Receptor Type
Stimulus
Smell
Chemoreceptor
Binding of Molecules
Taste
Chemoreceptor
Binding of Molecules
Sight
Photoreceptors
Light
Sound
Mechanoreceptor Sound waves
Balance
Mechanoreceptor Movement of head
Olfactory epithelium, Olfactory
receptors, and Olfactory Nerves
Relationship of Gustatory receptors in
Taste Buds to tongue papillae