Transcript Muscle Practice Test

Bones and Joints
BIO 110
The cells that are known as "bone
builders" are
A)
B)
C)
D)
osteocytes.
chondrocytes.
osteoblasts.
osteoclasts.
Spongy bone is made up of a network
of bony spines called
A)
B)
C)
D)
trabeculae.
osteons.
central canals.
lamellae.
The shaft of a long bone is called the
A)
B)
C)
D)
metaphysis.
lamella.
epiphysis.
diaphysis.
Vitamin D is necessary for
A) collagen formation.
B) the organic matrix of bone.
C) increasing osteoclast activity.
D) absorption calcium and phosphate ions.
Which of the following is associate
with endochondrial ossification?
A) The dermis and fibrous connective tissue is
converted to bone tissue.
B) Hyaline cartilage model forms.
C) Osteoblasts deposit bone in areas of cartilage
loss.
D) Periosteum forms a collar around the
cartilage.
Red bone marrow functions in the
formation of
A)
B)
C)
D)
new bone.
blood cells.
adipose tissue.
osteoblasts.
This is the strong, fibrous connective tissue
covering the bone.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Periosteum
Endosteum
Diaphysis
Epiphyses
The movement classification used when you
turn the sole of your foot toward the other foot
is ________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Inversion
Pronation
Eversion
Flexion
A synovial joint is also known as a(n)
A)
B)
C)
D)
diarthrosis.
amphiarthrosis.
symphysis.
synarthrosis.
Which is an example of a ball-andsocket joint?
A) shoulder
B) elbow
C) knee
D) wrist
Circular motion is called
A)
B)
C)
D)
extension.
flexion.
adduction.
circumduction.
Moving your head to indicate "yes" and then to
indicate "no" would correspond to which two
movements?
A)
B)
C)
D)
flexion and rotation
elevation and circumduction
contraction and relaxation
supination and extension
Moving a body part away from the midline (i.e.;
moving you arm from the side of you body) is
known as:
A)
B)
C)
D)
abduction.
flexion.
adduction.
eversion.
A small, synovial-fluid-filled pocket in connective
tissue, which may be connected to a joint cavity,
is a
A)
B)
C)
D)
meniscus.
retinaculum.
bursa.
gomphosis.
The line where one cranial bone
meets another is called a
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fontanel.
Foramen.
Suture.
Coronal.
The bones that form a synovial joint
are held together by
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ligaments.
Synovial fluid.
Red marrow.
A symphysis.
During intramembranous ossification, which
type of tissue is replaced by bone?
a. hyaline cartilage
b. elastic tissue
c. mesenchymal connective tissue/ dermis
d. adipose tissue
If the activity of osteoblasts exceeds the
activity of osteoclasts in a bone, how will the
mass of the bone be affected?
a. mass becomes porous
b. mass will not be affected
c. more mass
d. less mass
What effect would increased PTH secretion
have on blood calcium levels?
a. higher level of calcium due to osteoclast
stimulation
b. lower level of calcium due to osteoclast
stimulation
c. lower calcium levels due to calcitriol
inhibition
d. no effect on blood calcium; PTH affects
calcium in the bones
A balance between which two hormones is
essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis?
a. calcitriol and parathyroid hormone
b. calcitriol and thyroxine
c. calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
d. growth hormone and sex hormones
How would you classify a suture in the skull
according to its movement/function?
a. synarthrosis
b. synchondrosis
c. synostosis
d. syndesmosis
Which answer below is an example of an
amphiarthrotic joint?
a. syndesmosis between the distal tibia
and fibula
b. symphysis between pubic bones
c. symphysis between the vertebral
bodies of the vertebral column
d. all of the above
If you were looking at a synchondrosis in a
skeleton, you’d be looking at the _____.
a. joint between the first rib and
manubrium
b. epiphyseal cartilage between epiphysis
and diaphysis of a long bone
c. pubic symphysis
d. both A and B
Which joints are considered pivot joints?
a. the joint between the tibia and fibula
b. the joint between the pollex and
metacarpal I
c. the joints between the carpal bones
d. the joint at the proximal radius and ulna
When you do jumping jacks, which lower limb
movements are necessary?
a. flexion and extension
b. abduction and adduction
c. flexion and abduction
d. plantar flexion and eversion
A person standing on her toes is ____, while
a person trying to kick his own gluteal region
is _____.
a. plantar flexing; flexing his leg
b. dorsiflexing; extending his leg
c. everting her feet; flexing his thigh
d. inverting her feet; pronating his leg
Which vertebral movements are involved in
(a) looking at the ceiling, (b) bending your
neck side to side, and (c) moving your chin to
your chest?
a. (a) hyperflexion; (b) rotation; (c) flexion
b. (a) hyperextension; (b) extension; (c)
rotation
c. (a) rotation; (b) lateral flexion; (c) flexion
d. (a) hyperextension; (b) lateral flexion;
(c) flexion
Muscle Practice Test
Which of the following statements is
incorrect?
A) The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on
tendons and move bones of the skeleton.
B) Skeletal muscles store nutrient reserves.
C) Skeletal muscles are responsible for the
pumping action of the heart.
D) Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain
body temperature.
Which of the following best describes
the term sarcomere?
A) protein that accounts for elasticity of resting
muscle
B) storage site for calcium ions
C) thin filaments are anchored here
D) contactile repeating unit of striated myofibrils
Interactions between actin and myosin
filaments of the sarcomere are responsible
for
A) muscle contraction.
B) muscle relaxation.
C) the conduction of neural stimulation to the
muscle fiber.
D) muscle fatigue.
This structure stores calcium which can be
used later for muscle contraction is the
A) sarcomere.
B) transverse tubule.
C) neuromuscular junction.
D) sarcoplasmic recticulum
Each skeletal muscle fiber is controlled
by a motor neuron at a single
A) sarcomere.
B) transverse tubule.
C) neuromuscular junction.
D) synaptic cleft.
The structure that allows for the action
potential to continue into the cell is the
A) sarcomere.
B) transverse tubule.
C) neuromuscular junction.
D) sarcoplasmic recticulum
A resting muscle generates most of its
ATP by
A) anaerobic respiration.
B) aerobic metabolism.
C) hydrolysis of creatine phosphate.
D) glycolysis
The type of muscle fiber that is most
resistant to fatigue (which is important for
endurance) is the________ fiber.
A)
B)
C)
D)
intermediate
anaerobic
slow
fast
The narrow space between the synaptic
terminal and the muscle fiber is the
A)
B)
C)
D)
motor end plate.
motor unit.
synaptic knob.
synaptic cleft.
Which of the following activities would
employ isometric contractions?
A) standing at attention
B) running
C) flexing the forearm
D) writing
Creatine phosphate serves to
A) decompose ADP.
B) store and release ATP.
C) synthesize ADP.
D) cause the decomposition of ATP.
The term used to describe muscular
growth in response to usage is
A) muscular dystrophy.
B) atrophy.
C) myopathy.
D) hypertrophy.
The neurotransmitter that initiates muscle
contraction is:
A)
B)
C)
D)
aponeurosis.
acetylcholine.
fascicle.
buccinator.
The less-movable end of a skeletal
muscle is the
A)
B)
C)
D)
insertion.
origin.
distal end.
proximal end.
Wasting away or deterioration of
muscle is called ________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Hypertrophy
Myositis
Ankylosis
Atrophy
Muscle A abducts the humerus, and muscle
B adducts the humerus. What is the
relationship between these two muscles?
a. synergists
b. antagonists
c. agonists
d. fixators
The connective tissue that connects
muscle to bone is called a
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ligament.
Tendon.
Meniscus.
Symphysis.