Transcript Reproductive Health Concerns

Reproductive Health Concerns
Bacterial
Chlamydia
• Infects reproductive organs and causes a mucus discharge
• More new cases of chlamydia than any other STD
• Symptoms:
▫ Females: pain during urination, vaginal discharge or bleeding,
pelvic pain
▫ Males: pain during urination, discharge from penis.
• Treatmnet:
▫ Antibiotics
• Untreated:
▫ Females: infertility, pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, PID
▫ Males: can injure reproductive organs, swolllen and tender
testicles.
▫ Infants: illness, blindness
Gonorrhea
• Infects mucus membranes.
• Symptoms:
▫ Females: often no obvious signs, pain during urination,
vaginal discharge or bleeding, pain in abdomen.
▫ Males: Pain during urination, discharge from the penis.
• Treatment:
▫ Antibiotics, becoming more difficult to treat because
bacterial is changing.
• Untreated:
▫ Females: PID, ectopic pregnancies, infertility.
▫ Males: scarring of the urethra, difficulty urinating, painful
swelling of testicles, infertility.
▫ Infants: blindness, joint infection, life-threatening blood
infection.
Syphillis
• Can cause ulcers or chancres, damages nervous system and other body
organs.
• Symptoms:
▫ Phase 1 (10-90 days) – painless ulcers where bacteria entered.
▫ Phase 2 (2 to 8 wks) – fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, joint pain,
muscle ashes.
▫ Phase 3 (2 years or more) – heart and nervous system damage,
blindness, loss of mental abilities, possible death.
• Treatment:
▫ Antibiotics, can be cured in the early stages.
• Untreated:
▫ Mental and phyical disabilities.
▫ Infants – premature birth, severe mental disabilities, deafness, death.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
• Inflammation of the upper female reproductive tract
caused by migration of infection from vagina.
• Symptoms:
▫ Pain in the pelvic region, vaginal discharge, long and
painful menstrual periods, fever, painful urniation,
nausea.
• Treatment:
▫ Antibiotics, surgery may be needed if infection is left
untreated.
• Untreated:
▫ Scars in the fallopian tubes or uterus, ectopic
pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain.
Parasite
Pubic Lice (crabs)
• Lice in the pubic hair that crawl on skin and lay
eggs on the hairs.
• Symptoms:
▫ Intense itching in the pubic area.
• Treatment:
▫ Medication can kill the lice.
▫ Wash all bed linens and clothes.
• Untreated:
▫ Skin damage can occur.
Scabies
• Tiny mites that burrow into the skin.
• Symptoms:
▫ Intense itching in the infected area.
• Treatment:
▫ Medication can kill the mites, wash all bed linens
and clothes.
• Untreated:
▫ Skin damage can occur
Trichomoniasis
• Caused by a protozoan.
• Symptoms:
▫ Females – itching, discharge from the vagina, painful
urination.
▫ Males – usually no symptoms.
• Treatment:
▫ Can be cured with a prescribed medicine.
• Untreated:
▫ Females – bladder and urethral infections, premature
birth.
▫ Males – inflammed urethra.
Viral
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
• Can cuase genital warts and cervical cancer.
• Symptoms:
▫ Females – genital and anal warts, abnormal papsmear.
▫ Males – genital and anal warts.
• Treatment:
▫ No treatment, warts can be treated b surgical removal,
freezing or medication.
▫ Vaccine for women against the 4 types of HPV that
causes most genital warts and cancers.
• Untreated:
▫ Cervical cancer, genital cancers.
Hepatitis
• Inflammation of the liver.
• Both B and C can be sexually transmitted.
• Symptoms:
▫ Jaundice, tiredness and muscle ashes, fever, dark
urine.
• Treatment:
▫ No cure, medications may help stop spread of virus.
▫ Vaccdine available for A and B
• Untreated:
▫ Liver damage, failure, cancer, premature death.
Genital Herpes
• 2 types of herpes simplex virus HSV-1 and HSV-2
• Symptoms:
▫ HSV- 1 - cold sores and blisters usually occur aourn
the mouth.
▫ HSV-2 – red bumps, blisters and sores on or around
genitals, fever, swollen lymph nodes.
• Treatment:
▫ No cure, antiviral medications can shorten outbreaks
and reduce their frequency.
• Untreated:
▫ Infected for life, can pass on to baby infections of liver,
brain, skin, eyes, mouth, can lead to death.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
• Infects cells of the immune system and causes AIDS.
• Symptoms:
▫ Phase 1 (initial exposure to 10 yrs) – fatigue, weight loss,
fever, diarrhea, swollen lymph nodes.
▫ Phase 2 – phase 1 symptoms, forgetfulness, difficulty
thinking.
▫ Phase 3 – weakened immune system, infections, weight
loss.
• Treatment:
▫ No cure, a combination of drugs can delay the start of
serious symptoms.
• Untreated:
▫ Malnutrition, loss of mobility, opportunistic infections,
cancer, premature death.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
(AIDS)
• From HIV; progressively reduces the immune
system.
• Symptoms:
▫ Less than 200 T cells.
▫ Symptoms from opportunistic diseases.
• Treatment:
▫ Antiviral therapy
▫ Medication for symptoms of other illnesses.
• Untreated:
▫ Death