Transcript Bloodborne Pathogens

Risk Management
Department
Bloodborne
Pathogens
May, 2008
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Introduction
In December of 1991, the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) published the Occupational Exposure to
Bloodborne Pathogens Final Rule (Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030).
This standard provides guidelines for employers to reduce
significant risk of infection for employees exposed to body fluids
or tissue from infected persons.
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Introduction
The standard addresses employee training and information on
definitions, work practices, procedures, equipment, and policies
relating to preventative and post-incident medical interventions.
The objective is to minimize the exposure risk or, if necessary, to
effectively treat employees involved in an incident where there
is a possibility of exposure.
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Introduction
In this training we will cover:
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Who does this apply to?
What is a pathogen?
Methods of transmission
Protection from exposure
What to do if exposed
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Who does this apply to?
Employers are required to identify job categories that have a
greater risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens in the scope
of their duties.
APS has conducted an analysis of job
categories and has determined that
certain positions are at greatest risk
of occupational exposure.
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Who does this apply to?
The requirements of this program apply specifically to these job
categories:
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Athletic Trainers
School Nurses
Health Assistants
Employees Assigned to the Juvenile Detention Center
School Police Officers and Campus Security Assistants
Special Education Educational Assistants in ISP Programs
Special Education Teachers in ISP Programs
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Who does this apply to?
The Hepatitis B vaccination series shall be offered to these
employees after they have received the required training and
within 10 working days of initial assignment unless:
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The employee has previously received the complete
Hepatitis B vaccination series
Antibody testing has revealed that the employee is already
immune
The vaccine is contraindicated for medical reasons
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Who does this apply to?
If the employee initially declines Hepatitis B vaccination but at a
later date while still covered under the standard decides to
accept the vaccination, the Hepatitis B vaccination series shall
be made available at that time.
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
What is a Pathogen?
A pathogen is defined as an organism, either bacteria or virus,
that can cause an illness or disease.
Pathogens of concern specifically include, but are not limited to:
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
HIV Virus
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
What is a Pathogen?
Pathogens of Concern:
Hepatitis B
A serious illness affecting the liver
Detectable by blood test
Vaccine available
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
What is a Pathogen?
Pathogens of Concern:
Hepatitis C
Another illness affecting the liver
Usually more severe than Hepatitis B
Detectable by blood test
No vaccine available
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
What is a Pathogen?
Pathogens of Concern
HIV Virus
A virus that attacks the immune system
Can lead to AIDS
Detectable by blood test
No vaccine available
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Methods of Transmission
Transmission may be direct or indirect
DIRECT Immediate contact with a pathogen (blood)
INDIRECT Touching an item infected with the pathogen then touching a
vulnerable area on self (mouth, nose, eyes, cut in skin)
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Methods of Transmission
 Pathogens may be present in the blood and other body fluids
such as saliva, semen, and vaginal secretions.
 Pathogens can also be present in cerebrospinal, synovial,
pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, amniotic, and any other fluids
contaminated with blood.
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Methods of Transmission
 Pathogens can enter and infect the human body through
openings in the skin including cuts, nicks, abrasions, dermatitis,
or acne
 Infection can also result from punctures or cuts caused by sharp
contaminated objects such as needles, broken glass, exposed
ends of dental wires, or any other object that can puncture or
cut skin
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Methods of Transmission
 Pathogens can also gain access to the body through mucous
membranes of the eyes, nose, and mouth when these areas are
touched with contaminated hands or implements.
 Hepatitis B is particularly dangerous
since it can survive on dried surfaces at
room temperature for at least one (1) week.
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
The concept of Universal Precautions requires us to consider
every person a potential carrier of a bloodborne pathogen
Universal Precautions means we follow all applicable protection
rules in every instance, no exceptions!
This way we minimize the possibility of exposure and infection
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
We also need to follow these rules:
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Engineering and work practice controls
Personal protective equipment
Housekeeping
Handling needles and sharps
Regulated waste
Communication of hazards
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Engineering and Work Practice Controls
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Handwashing is the single most important means of
preventing the spread of infection
Employees must wash hands and any other skin with soap
and water and flush exposed mucous membranes with water
immediately following contact with
blood or other potentially infectious
materials
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Personal Protective Equipment
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Gloves shall be worn when anticipated to have contact with
blood, other potentially infectious materials, mucous
membranes, non-intact skin and when touching or handling
contaminated items or surfaces
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Personal Protective Equipment
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Disposable gloves shall not be washed or disinfected for
re-use
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Face protection should be worn whenever eye, nose or
mouth contamination can be reasonably anticipated
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Other appropriate protective clothing
should be worn in occupational
exposure situations
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Housekeeping
 The work site is to be maintained in a clean and sanitary
condition
 All equipment and working surfaces must be properly
cleaned and decontaminated after contact with blood or
other potentially infectious materials
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Handling Needles and Sharps
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Handle sharp objects carefully!
Do not cut, bend, break, or routinely reinsert used needles
into original sheath
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Handling Needles and Sharps
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Discard sharp objects intact, immediately or as soon as
possible after use into an OSHA-approved sharps disposal
container
Sharps containers will be easily accessible to employees
and maintained upright throughout use
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Regulated Waste
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Regulated waste means contaminated items that are
capable of releasing infectious materials during handling
Regulated waste shall be placed in containers to contain
all contents and prevent leakage of fluids during handling,
storage, transport or shipping
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
Protection from Exposure
Communication of Hazards
Warning labels shall be affixed to containers of contaminated
sharps and regulated waste
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
What to do if exposed
Post-exposure medical consultation and care applies to all
APS employees
This involves appropriate medical follow-up consultation and
care for an exposure incident as a workplace accident
The most obvious exposure incident is a needle stick,
however, any specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane,
non-intact skin or internal contact with blood or other
potentially infectious materials should be reported and treated
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
What to do if exposed
Any employee who believes they have been exposed to
Bloodborne Pathogens must:
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Call Company Nurse at 1-877-740-5017
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Submit a Notice of Accident form to their supervisor
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Bloodborne
Pathogens
You are finished!
You have finished the Bloodborne Pathogens training
Download the quiz from the Risk Management website’s
training page
Print the form and be sure to write your name, location and
employee number in the spaces provided
Complete the ten questions and have your supervisor send it
to the Risk Management office
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