Transcript Respiratory Health Concerns

Respiratory Health Concerns
Asthma – bronchial airway obstruction.
• Etio – allergy, infection,
anxiety, activity
• S/S – wheezing, coughing,
difficulty breathing.
• Tx – inhaler, avoid what makes
started it.
Bronchitis – Inflammation of the bronchi
• Etio: can occur over a long
period of time, allergies, dust,
infections, pollutions.
• S/S – increase in secretions
from mucous membranes,
obstructed breathing
• Tx – rest, fluids, inhaler, avoid
what caused it if possible.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – any
disease that causes chronic obstruction of
bronchial tubes and lungs.
• Etio – allergies, pollutants,
smoking; can be from
bronchitis, emphysema, etc.
• S/S – shortness of breath,
difficulty breathing, coughing,
wheezing, etc.
• Tx – inhaler, medication to
make symptoms better, avoid
what caused it.
Epistaxis – nosebleed; rupture of blood vessel
in the nose.
• Etio – trauma.
• S/S – bleeding from 1 or both
nostrils, spiting out blood;
tasting blood.
• Tx – lean forward, gauze or
nose plug, call 911 if it doesn’t
stop.
Anthracosis – Black lung.
• Etio: Coal dust in the lungs.
• S/S: no early symptoms,
coughing, chest pains,
difficulty breathing.
• Tx: no cure.
Emphysema – unable to exhale all the air from the
lungs, which cause CO2 to build up and damage
alveoli
• Etio – smoking, manufacturing
fumes, air pollutants
• S/S – difficulty breathing,
short of breath with slightest
exertion.
• Tx – no cure, inhaler,
respiratory therapy,
medications to make
symptoms easier.
Lung Cancer – leading cause of death in both
males and females.
• Etio – exposure to carcinogens,
smoking, can just be fate.
• S/S – hemoptysis, dyspnea,
weight loss, chest pain.
• Tx – chemotherapry, radiation,
surgery.
Pneumonia – inflammation and infection of
the lungs; alveoli fill with fluid
• Etio – bacterial, virus, fungi;
low immune system.
• S/S – shortness of breath,
fever, cough, chest pain,
fatigue.
• Tx – antibiotics, medications
for symptoms, rest, fluids.
Pleurisy – inflammation of the pleura.
• Etio: other infections, certain
medications
• S/S: sharp stabbing pain while
breathing, dyspnea, fever,
grating sounds in lungs when
breathing.
• Tx: treat what caused it,
medications for symptoms.
Hemoptysis – coughing up blood from lungs or
bronchial tubes.
• Etio – chronic lung disease,
tuberculosis, lung cancer, or
trauma.
• S/S – cough and blood comes
out.
• Tx – fix what caused it, seek
immediate help, 911 if it
won’t stop.
Tuberculosis – highly infectious disease in the
lungs, spread through droplets.
• Etio: caused by bacteria call
bacilli that invade the lungs
and cause small swellings and
inflammation.
• S/S: coughing, fatigue, chills,
fever, chest pain.
• Tx: antibiotics, medication for
symptoms.
Upper Respiratory Infection – viral infection of part
or all of the entire upper respiratory tract
(common cold)
• Etio – highly contagious,
exposure to infection, sharing
utensils, airborne droplets.
• S/S – sneezing, watery eyes,
sore throat, cough.
• Tx – rest, fluids, treat
symptoms with medications;
wash hands.