Transcript Fascioliasis

Fascioliasis
Leigh Tyndall
BIOL 402
Fascioliasis is caused by
trematode worms
F. gigantica
F. hepatica
The Fasciola Life Cycle
There are several ways to get
infected…
There are several ways to get
infected…
There are several ways to get
infected…
There are several ways to get
infected…
There are several ways to get
infected…
Fasciola (along with most helminths)
easily evade the physical barriers to
infection
Fasciola have evolved several ways
to avoid rest of the immune
system as well.
In the first phase of fascioliasis,
the worms migrate across the liver
The chronic phase affects liver
function
Fascioliasis is usually diagnosed by
finding eggs in the feces
Two doses of triclabendazole will
treat both stages of fascioliasis
There is already resistance to
triclabendazole, though…
Societal Effects
Several molecules have
been looked at as
possible vaccines
o Fatty Acid
Binding Proteins
o GST
o Capthepsin L
Measures should be taken to
prevent infection by the flukes
• Control of aquatic plant
industry
• Wash aquatic plants in
vinegar
• Health Education
• Clean water
Image References
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Slides 2 and 3
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Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciolosis (copyright: Flukeman-http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Flukeman)
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WHO: http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/diseases/fascioliasis/en/index.html
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Water Secrets Blog: http://watersecretsblog.com/archives/children%20dirty%20water.jpg
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Parasites World: http://parasites-world.com/fasciola-hepatica-in-human-eye/
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Slide 4: http://iranhelminthparasites.com/species/fasciola.htm
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Slide 5: Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN: www.fao.org/docrep/ 004/T0584E/T0584E05.gif
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Slide 6: CDC website: http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Fascioliasis.htm
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Slide 7: Water Aid.org:
http://www.wateraid.org/images/cm_images/uk/what_we_do/the_need/problems_for_women/woman_drinking_dirty_water_UG_45151.jpg\
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Slide 8: Nassau Lake: http://nassaulake.org/Water%20Chestnut.jpg
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Slide 9: Hardwood Bamboo Flooring: http://www.hardwood-bamboo-flooring.com/wp-content/upload/Bamboo-300x273.jpg
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Slide 10:Essentially England: http://www.essentially-england.com/images/watercress_2.jpg
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Slide 11: FAO website http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/Y4743E/y4743e07.jpg
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Slide 12: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciolosis (copyright: Flukeman-http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Flukeman)
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Slide 13: http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/t0756e/T0756E06.htm
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Slide 14: http://radiographics.rsna.org/content/28/5/1307/F5.large.jpg
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Slide 15: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasciolosis (copyright: Flukeman-http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Flukeman
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Slide 16: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/resources-rx/images/liver-fluke-egg_52390_1.jpg
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Slide 17:
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Triclabenzadole: wiipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Triclabendazole.png
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Vietnamese Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and entomology quynhon: http://www.impe-qn.org.vn/impeqn/vn/portal/InfoDetail.jsp?area=58&cat=1174&ID=2809
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Slide 18: Tubulin: Brennan GP, Fairweather I, Trudgett A, Hoey E. 2007. Understanding triclabendazole resistance. Experimental and Molecular
Pathology 82:104-9.
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Slide 19:
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Patients coming for treatment: http://www.impe-qn.org.vn/impe-qn/en/portal/InfoDetail.jsp?area=58&cat=1067&ID=511
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Cows: http://www-naweb.iaea.org/nafa/aph/stories/2010-fasciola-project.html
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Cow with flukes http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/species-of-the-day/fasciola-hepatica/index.html
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Slide 20: Vaccine: http://alignmap.com/wp-content/Graphics/vaccine.gif
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Slide 21: Market: examiner.com: http://www.examiner.com/x-7707-Infectious-Disease-Examiner~y2009m9d14-Liver-flukes-showing-its-presence-inthe-Vietnamese-highlands
Sources
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Brennan GP, Fairweather I, Trudgett A, Hoey E., et al. 2007. Understanding triclabendazole
resistance. Experimental and Molecular Pathology 82:104-9.
Dalton JP, editor. 1999. Fasciolosis. New York: CABI Publishing. 544 p.
Hanna REB. 1980. Fasciola hepatica: Glycocalyx replacement in the juvenile as a possible
mechanism for protection against host immunity. Experimental Parasitology 50(1):103-14.
UK’s Natural History Museum: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/species-of-theday/fasciola-hepatica/index.html
Turkington C, Ashby B. 1998. Encyclopedia of infectious disease. New York: Facts on File, Inc.
370 p.
WHO website: http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/diseases/fascioliasis/en/index.html