Transcript Physical Science: Study Guide

Physical Science:
Study Guide
The three forms that matter usually takes:
solid, liquid, and gas.
states of matter
The three forms that matter usually takes:
solid, liquid, and gas.
A single particle of matter made
up of two or more atoms joined
together.
Molecule
A single particle of matter made
up of two or more atoms joined
together.
• A change in the size, shape, or
state of matter that does not
change it into a new kind of
matter.
physical change
• A change in the size, shape, or
state of matter that does not
change it into a new kind of
matter.
Material that an electrical
charge can move through easily
Conductors
Material that an electrical
charge can move through easily
• A continuous flow of electric
charges.
electric circuit
• A continuous flow of electric
charges.
A strong temporary magnet that
uses electricity to produce
magnetism.
Electromagnet
A strong temporary magnet that
uses electricity to produce
magnetism.
Materials that electric charges
do not move through easily.
Insulators
Materials that electric charges
do not move through easily.
An object that attracts certain
materials, mainly iron.
Magnet
An object that attracts certain
materials, mainly iron.
The amount of matter in an
object.
Mass
The amount of matter in an
object.
The smallest particle of matter.
Atom
The smallest particle of matter.
Anything that has mass and
take up space.
Matter
Anything that has mass and
take up space.
A change in matter that
produces new kinds of matter.
chemical change
A change in matter that
produces new kinds of matter.
An electric charge that builds up on a
material like a balloon.
static electricity
An electric charge that builds up on a
material like a balloon.
• A circuit with one single
pathway
series circuit
• A circuit with one single
pathway
The two areas on a magnet with
the greatest magnetic force.
magnet poles
The two areas on a magnet with
the greatest magnetic force.
• A circuit that has more than one
pathway
parallel circuit
• A circuit that has more than one
pathway
An example is paper being turned
into ash.
Chemical Change
An example is paper being turned
into ash.
puddle of water
Changing form a liquid to a gas is
a change in state. Changes of
state are __________ changes, so
an evaporating puddle does not
form a new kind of matter.
puddle of water
Changing form a liquid to a gas is
a change in state. Changes of
state are physical changes, so
an evaporating puddle does not
form a new kind of matter.
molecules
in a gas _________ _______ stay
close together
molecules
in a gas do not stay close
together
____________ change
• Rust on a metal cookie sheet
• Wood burning in a campfire
• An Alka-Seltzer tablet bubbling
in a cup of water
• Making blueberry muffins
• Paper burning
chemical change
• Rust on a metal cookie sheet
• Wood burning in a campfire
• An Alka-Seltzer tablet bubbling
in a cup of water
• Making blueberry muffins
• Paper burning
____________ change
• Folding a paper into the shape of a
bird
• Paper being cut into the shape of a
snowflake
• Water evaporating from a puddle
• A melting popsicle
• Breaking a window
• Liquid water becoming ice
physical change
• Folding a paper into the shape of a
bird
• Paper being cut into the shape of a
snowflake
• Water evaporating from a puddle
• A melting popsicle
• Breaking a window
• Liquid water becoming ice
Heat & Energy
When a cup of warm water is
put in the refrigerator energy is
_____________ ___________ from the
water.
Heat & Energy
When a cup of warm water is
put in the refrigerator energy is
taken away from the water.
Heat & Energy
When the sun shines on a
parking lot, energy is _________
____________ the parking lot.
Heat & Energy
When the sun shines on a
parking lot, energy is added to
the parking lot.
Heat & Energy
When solid iron is melted,
energy is ________ to the iron.
Heat & Energy
When solid iron is melted,
energy is added to the iron.
•A built-up of an electric charge
static electricity
•A built-up of an electric charge
Types of Matter
• ___________
—++—
—— +
+++—
• __________
— —+
++—
——+
• __________
—+ —
—+ +
—++—
Types of Matter
• Positive
—++—
—— +
+++—
• Negative
— —+
++—
——+
• Neutral
—+ —
—+ +
—++—
Matter
• ____________
• Two samples of matter that have
different charges will attract
• ____________
• Two samples of matter that have
the same charge will attract
Matter
• Attracts
• Two samples of matter that have
different charges will attract
• Repel
• Two samples of matter that have
the same charge will attract
Compass
• Needle always points ___________
Compass
• Needle always points North
electromagnet vs. bar
magnet?
An electromagnets uses electricity
and can be turned ______ and ______.
To increase the strength of an
electromagnet, you can wrap more
wire around the iron core
A bar magnet has a North and South
pole and _______ _______ be turned on
or off.
electromagnet vs. bar
magnet?
An electromagnets uses electricity
and can be turned on and off. To
increase the strength of an
electromagnet, you can wrap more
wire around the iron core
A bar magnet has a North and South
pole and can not be turned on or off.
Circuits
• Flipping a switch on _________ a
circuit.
• Flipping a switch off ________ a
circuit.
Circuits
• Flipping a switch on closes a
circuit.
• Flipping a switch off opens a
circuit.
Circuits
Circuit A is a __________ circuit.
Circuit B is a ___________ circuit.
Circuits
Circuit A is a series circuit.
Circuit B is a parallel circuit.
• Power source (battery)
• Conductor (wire)
• Something that uses the
electricity (light bulb)
three parts of every
working circuit
• Power source (battery)
• Conductor (wire)
• Something that uses the
electricity (light bulb)
• Power source (battery)
• Conductor (wire)
• An iron core wrapped with a
conductor (bolt wrapped wire)
three parts of an
electromagnet
• Power source (battery)
• Conductor (wire)
• An iron core wrapped with a
conductor (bolt wrapped wire)
Magnets
N
S
N
S
S
N
N
S
Magnets
Magnets that attract
N
S
N
S
S
N
N
S
Magnets that repel.
• Metal Spoon
• Water
• Metals
Conductors
• Metal Spoon
• Water
• Metals
• plastic
• sweater
• balloon
Insulators
• plastic
• sweater
• balloon