Transcript Physical Science: Study Guide

Physical Science:
Study Guide
states of matter
The three forms that matter usually takes:
solid, liquid, and gas.
Molecule
A single particle of matter made
up of two or more atoms joined
together.
physical change
• A change in the size, shape, or
state of matter that does not
change it into a new kind of
matter.
Conductors
Material that an electrical
charge can move through easily
electric circuit
• A continuous flow of electric
charges.
Electromagnet
A strong temporary magnet that
uses electricity to produce
magnetism.
Insulators
Materials that electric charges
do not move through easily.
Magnet
An object that attracts certain
materials, mainly iron.
Mass
The amount of matter in an
object.
Atom
The smallest particle of matter.
Matter
Anything that has mass and
take up space.
chemical change
A change in matter that
produces new kinds of matter.
static electricity
An electric charge that builds up on a
material like a balloon.
series circuit
• A circuit with one single
pathway
magnet poles
The two areas on a magnet with
the greatest magnetic force.
parallel circuit
• A circuit that has more than one
pathway
Chemical Change
An example is paper being turned
into ash.
puddle of water
Changing form a liquid to a gas is
a change in state. Changes of
state are physical changes, so
an evaporating puddle does not
form a new kind of matter.
molecules
in a gas do not stay close
together
chemical change
• Rust on a metal cookie sheet
• Wood burnign in a campfire
• An Alka-Seltzer tablet bubbling
in a cup of water
• Making blueberry muffins
• Paper burning
physical change
• Folding a paper into the shape of a
bird
• Paper being cut into the shape of a
snowflake
• Water evaporating from a puddle
• A melting popsicle
• Breaking a window
• Liquid water becoming ice
Heat & Energy
When a cup of warm water is
put in the refrigerator energy is
taken away from the water.
Heat & Energy
When the sun shines on a
parking lot, energy is added to
the parking lot.
Heat & Energy
When solid iron is melted,
energy is added to the iron.
static electricity
•A built-up of an electric charge
Types of Matter
• Positive
—++—
—— +
+++—
• Negative
— —+
++—
——+
• Neutral
—+ —
—+ +
—++—
Matter
• Attracts
• Two samples of matter that have
different charges will attract
• Repel
• Two samples of matter that have
the same charge will attract
Compass
• Needle always points North
electromagnet vs. bar
magnet?
An electromagnets uses electricity
and can be turned on and off. To
increase the strength of an
electromagnet, you can wrap more
wire around the iron core
A bar magnet has a North and South
pole and can not be turned on or off.
Circuits
• Flipping a switch on closes a
circuit.
• Flipping a switch off opens a
circuit.
Circuits
Circuit A is a series circuit.
Circuit B is a parallel circuit.
three parts of every
working circuit
• Power source (battery)
• Conductor (wire)
• Something that uses the
electricity (light bulb)
three parts of an
electromagnet
• Power source (battery)
• Conductor (wire)
• An iron core wrapped with a
conductor (bolt wrapped wire)
Magnets
Magnets that attract
N
S
N
S
S
N
N
S
Magnets that repel.
Conductors
• Metal Spoon
• Water
• Metals
Insulators
• plastic
• sweater
• balloon