Transcript Skin - Morley College

Skin
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Structure (diagram)
Functions
Skin types
Skin conditions
Contraindications to facial
Skin analysis
Skin layers
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous layer (Hypodermis)
Layers of epidermis
• Stratum Corneum
• Stratum Lucidum
• Stratum Granulosum
• Stratum Spinosum
• Stratum Germinativum
Epidermis
Come
Lucy
Granny’s
Spinning
Germs
Epidermis
• Stratum Germinativum
• living, reproducing layer
• Stratum Spinosum
• Cells change shape, become ’prickly’, still reproducing
• Stratum Granulosum
• Cells harden, start to keratinize
• Stratum Lucidum
• Clear layer, cells are dead
• Stratum Corneum
• Cells are dead and scaly
Dermis
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Nerves
Blood and lymph capillaries
Arrector pili muscle
Sweat glands
Sebaceous glands
Collagen fibres
Elastin fibres
Hypodermis / Subcutaneous layer
• Contains fatty tissue
• Helps to keep the body warm
• Helps to protect deeper structures
Skin functions
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Sensation
Heat regulation
Absorption
Protection
Excretion
Secretion
SHAPES
Skin functions
• Sensory nerve endings react to stimuli such as hot, cold, touch, pain
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Sensation
• Surface blood vessels constrict or dilate
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Heat regulation
• Some fatty substances penetrate into the skin
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Absorption
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Anti bacterial action of sweat and sebum
Protection
• Waste substances are removed in sweat
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Excretion
• Sebum is secreted
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Secretion
Skin types
• Oily skin
• Looks sallow and
dull
• Open or large pores
• Thick texture
• Papules or pustules
present
Dry skin
• Matt appearance
• Small pores
• Prone to milia and
fine lines
• Prone to broken
capillaries
• May be flaky
Combination skin
• A combination of oily and dry
characteristics
• Mainly oily across nose, forehead and chin
• Dry on cheeks
Skin conditions
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Sensitive
Seborrhoeic (extremely oily)
Comedones
Poor elasticity
Wrinkles
Uneven pigmentation
Broken capillaries
Dehydrated
Milia
Key things to look for in skin analysis
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Colour, glowing or dull
Texture, fine or coarse
Pore size, large or small
Tone, firm and elastic or sagging
Shiny?
Lines, fine or deep
Irregularities, scars or moles
Broken capillaries
Contraindications/restrictions
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Bruises
Severe eczema or psoriasis
Recent scar tissue
Cuts and abrasions
Hypersensitive skin
Skin disease
• Any abnormal condition of the skin
• All diseases can be attributed to causes ,
known or unknown that include heredity ,
environment, infection or diet
Skin infection
This is the invasion of the skin by
microorganisms
• Bacteria
• Virus
• Fungus
Skin disorder
The disruption of normal skin function
• This may include conditions such as
psoriasis whereby skin cells reproduce too
quickly
Contraindications to facial
• Herpes simplex
(viral infection)
Herpes zoster
• Viral infection
Common wart
• Viral infection
Flat wart
• Viral infection
Contraindications
• Impetigo
(bacterial infection)
Boil (furuncle)
• Bacterial infection
of a hair follicle
Carbuncle
• Bacterial infection
of hair follicles
Pseudo folliculitis
Contraindications
• Conjunctivitis
(bacterial infection)
Contraindications
• Sty
(bacterial infection of
lash follicle)
Contraindications
• Ringworm
(fungal infection)
Tinea corporis
Tinea capitis
Tinea versicolour
Contraindications
• Inflamed acne
Acne vulgaris
Acne rosacea
Contraindications
• Sun burn
Contraindication / restriction
• Skin tags
Contraindication
• Swollen lymph nodes
Scabies
• infestation
Hyper pigmentation/chloasma
Chloasma
Hypo pigmentation/vitiligo
Vitiligo
Freckles /ephilides
Lentigo
Albinism
Keloids
Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra
(flesh moles)
Spider naevi
Capillary naevi/strawberry mark
Port wine stain
Eczema
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a skin condition that
causes red, flaky, crusty patches of
skin covered with silvery scales.
The condition is not infectious.
Dermatitis
Allergic reaction
Allergic reaction
Thickened Stratum Corneum