Transcript DISEASES
DISEASES A disease is an illness that affects the body or mind 2 Kinds of Diseases • Communicable: Passed from person to person • Non-communicable: How people live(LIFESTYLE),Genetic Factors, or Environmental hazards around • Cancer • Alzheimer’s Disease • Cerebral Palsy • Heart Disease • LUPUS • Muscular dystrophy • AUTISM • Tourette syndrome Common Communicable Diseases •The Common Cold •Pneumonia •Chicken Pox •The Flu • Mononucleosis •STD’s Types of Germs • Bacteria (Pneumonia, syphilis, strep throat) • Virus (chicken pox, measles, flu, H.I.V.) • Fungi (ringworm, ear infections, athletes foot) • Protozoa (diarrhea, malaria) How are Germs Spread? • Close contact with a person who has the germ. • Direct contact with a person who has the germ. • Contact with Animals. • Other Contacts with a nonliving object. What is an IMMUNE SYSTEM? • The immune system is the body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders. • The immune system is made up of a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body. • The cells involved are white blood cells, or leukocytes. Preventing Communicable Disease BOOST your IMMUNE SYSTEM Naturally: • WASH YOUR HANDS!!! • Get the proper amount of rest. • Eat healthfully.(raw fruits/veggies and vitamin C) • Exercise Regularly. • Avoid Smoking. • Reduce stress. • Drink plenty of water. • Nurture yourself(take a bath, get a massage, do something that makes you feel good! • Sneeze/cough into your arm. • Practicing abstinence. •Number one • A heart attack occurs when killer in the heart muscle United tissue dies States. • Hardening of the arteries is called arteriosclerosis. from lack of oxygen because of reduced blood flow. What is CHOLESTEROL? • Cholesterol is a soft, waxy substance found among the lipids (fats) in the bloodstream and in all your body's cells. • HDL: High Density Lipoproteins “Good Cholesterol” • LDL: Low Density Lipoproteins “Bad Cholesterol” • Overall cholesterol levels should be below 200. • High cholesterol affects 42 million Americans • 1 in 5 Teens in the U.S. has high cholesterol. Treating Heart Disease •Open the blockage: Angioplasty •Go around the blockage: Bypass Surgery •Dissolve any clots: Medications for better blood flow. Preventing Heart Disease • Maintain Desirable weight. • Exercise. • Balanced diet • Manage stress. • Avoid smoking. • Check your family history. • Cancer is caused by abnormal cells growing without control. Top cancers: Lung Prostate (male) Breast (female) Colon/Rectum Bladder non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Kidney Skin Formation of Tumors and Cancer Terms • Groups of these abnormal cells in masses are called tumors. • Benign: Masses that are not cancerous. • Malignant: Masses that are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the body. • Metastasis: When cancer has spread to other parts of the body. • Biopsy: Partial removal of the tissue or tumor to test for cancer. What Causes Cancer? • Genetics/Check family history Carcinogens: Cancer Causing Chemicals • Tobacco Smoke • Exposure to the sun • Chemicals in food • Chemicals in the environment or products 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. • • Changes in bowel or bladder habits. A sore that does not heal. Unusual bleeding or discharge. Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere. Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing. Obvious change in wart or mole. Nagging cough or hoarseness. One or a combination of these signals does not mean you have cancer for sure. It is always important for you to take the signs seriously and get them checked out without delay! Cancer Treatment? • • • • Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation None of these treatments are perfect. • Goal: Keep down the number of healthy cells that are harmed. • Don’t Smoke and avoid 2nd hand smoke • Stay out of the sun during peak hours and tanning booths • Eat foods rich in antioxidants (berries, vegetables, tea, nuts, dark chocolate) and maintain a healthy diet • Exercise • Manage stress levels • Keep your brain active with puzzles, games, laughter! • Go for regular doctor screenings/checkups • Check your family history Communicable Disease • A: Virus •Hepatitis • that often enters the body in contaminated food or water. B: Spread through body fluids. Sexual contact. More Dangerous • Also referred to as chronic (long term) diseases or degenerative (gradual breakdown) • The person is born with the disease. • The person’s lifestyle. • Because of a hazard around him or her. • What are the types of germs out there? • What are the 2 kinds of diseases? • How can you prevent diseases? What Causes Communicable Diseases? • These diseases are caused by • GERMS • This results in an • INFECTION • destroys or damages body cells. Review Time! • What is a noncommunicable disease? • What causes heart disease? • What is cancer? • How do we prevent cancer? • How is it treated?