Transcript Annual Bloodborne Pathogen Inservice School Year

Annual Bloodborne Pathogen
Inservice
MSAD #49
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Instructions for completing Bloodborne
Pathogen Inservice
• Please read the following presentation of
information
• The Bloodborne Pathogens Manual
located in the cabinet behind the reception
desk in the adult education office contains
more detailed information and forms.
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Objectives of Bloodborne Pathogen
Training
•
Upon completion of the annual training, you
will be able to:
1. Describe what bloodborne pathogens are.
2. Give three examples of persons who are at risk of
exposure to bloodborne pathogens
3. List three ways exposure to bloodborne pathogens
commonly occurs
4. Explain how to protect yourself from exposure to
bloodborne pathogens
5. List three important steps to take if you are exposed
to bloodborne pathogens.
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What are Bloodborne Pathogens?
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Bloodborne pathogens are viruses, bacteria
and other microorganisms carried or “borne” in
human blood that can cause disease.
Examples of bloodborne pathogens are:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)
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Bloodborne pathogens
• Bloodborne viruses such as HBV, HCV
and HIV
• Are transmissable in health care settings
• Can produce chronic infection
• Are often carried by people unaware of their
infection.
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What are Bloodborne Pathogens?
• There are other bloodborne pathogens,
such as syphilis and malaria, but your
greatest risks are from:
Hepatitis B (HBV)
HIV
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Other Potentially Infectious
Materials
• Human body fluids:
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Blood products
Semen
Vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal fluid (fluid surrounding the brain and
spine)
• Fluid surrounding joints
• Fluid surrounding the heart, in the chest and
abdomen
• and any body fluid with visible blood in it.
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OSHA
• OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens standard
prescribes safeguards to protect workers
against the health hazards from exposure
to blood and other potentially infectious
materials, and to reduce their risk from this
exposure.
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Who is at risk?
Employees at risk are those who may become
exposed to blood or body fluids on skin, eyes,
mucous membranes or parenteral contact with
blood or other potentially infectious materials
during the performance of an employee’s duties.
“Parenteral contact” means contact piercing
through your mucous membranes or skin by
needlesticks, human bites or cuts.
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Who is at risk?
• Anyone can be exposed to
bloodborne pathogens– if he or she is
exposed to blood or other body fluids.
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How does exposure happen?
• Most common: needlesticks
• Cuts from other contaminated sharps (scalpels,
broken glass, etc.)
• Contact of mucous membranes (for example,
the eye, nose, mouth) or broken (cut or abraded)
skin with contaminated blood or body fluids.
• Unprotected sex
• Infected mother to unborn child
• Blood transfusion
• Organ transplant
• NOT from casual contact
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Hepatitis B Virus
• Hepatitis B Virus, or HBV, causes serious
liver disease.
• About 30% of those infected have no
symptoms
• Signs and symptoms: jaundice, fatigue,
nausea, joint pain, loss of appetite,
abdominal pain
• Symptoms are less common in children
than adults
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Hepatitis B Virus
Long- term effects of exposure without
vaccination:
• Chronic infection and chronic liver disease
• Death from chronic liver disease occurs in
15-25% of chronically infected people.
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HBV Infection
• Occurs when blood or body fluids
containing HBV enters the body of a
person who is not immune
• HBV is spread through
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Sexual contact
Sharing needles / syringes
Needle sticks /sharps exposure on the job
Infected mother to baby during birth
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HBV Infection
• People at risk for HBV infection might also
be at risk for infection with Hepatitis C
(HCV) or HIV
• HBV is transmitted easily through blood,
and is at a higher concentration than HIV.
• HBV is still present and contagious in
dried blood. HIV is fragile and does not
survive in the environment.
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Hepatitis B Vaccine
• Effective in preventing Hepatitis B
• 95% of those vaccinated develop an
immunity
• Three shot series given over 6 months
• Safe, effective and long-lasting
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Hepatitis B Vaccine
• Hepatitis B is a routine vaccination of 0-18
year olds.
• People of any age should be vaccinated if
their behavior or job puts them at risk for
HBV infection.
• Hepatitis B vaccine can be given after a
person has been exposed to HBV if given
in an appropriate time frame.
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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
• Causes chronic liver disease in 55%-85%
of infected persons
• Deaths from chronic liver disease occur in
1-5% of infected persons
• Leading indication for liver transplant
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HCV Infection
• 80% of people infected have no signs or
symptoms
• Symptoms: Jaundice, fatigue, dark urine,
abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea
• People at risk for HCV infection are also at
risk for infection with HBV and HIV
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HCV Infection
• Occurs when blood from an infected
person enters the body of someone who is
not infected
• HCV is spread through
• Sharing needles when abusing drugs (most
common)
• Needlesticks or sharps exposure while on the job
• Passed from an infected mother to her baby during
birth
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HCV Infection
• There is no vaccine to prevent HCV
• Some drugs are available to treat chronic
Hepatitis C, are used in combination with
each other, and are not always effective.
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HIV
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is
the virus that causes AIDS.
• HIV attacks the immune system, making
the body less able (or unable) to fight off
infections.
• There is no vaccine or cure for HIV
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HIV Infection
• HIV is spread by:
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Sexual contact with an infected person
Sharing needles with an infected person
During birth from infected mother to child
Needlesticks or sharps exposure while on the job
Infected blood getting into an open cut or mucous
membrane of an uninfected person
• Note: Contact with saliva, tears or sweat has
never been shown to result in the transmission of
HIV.
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Prevention of Exposure to
Bloodborne Pathogens
1. Wear gloves if you have to touch blood
or other body fluids that could possibly
contain visible blood, such as urine,
feces or vomit.
We use vinyl or PVC-free gloves in SAD
#49 to minimize latex in the environment
for our latex allergic students and staff
members.
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Prevention of Exposure to
Bloodborne Pathogens
2. Cover cuts, sores or breaks on any
exposed skin
3. WASH HANDS and any exposed skin
with soap and running water immediately
after accidental exposure with body fluids
that might be contaminated.
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If soap and running water are not available, use
antiseptic towelettes or hand cleansers, and wash with
soap and water as soon as you can.
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Prevention of Exposure to
Bloodborne Pathogens
4. Don’t eat, drink or smoke in areas where
bloodborne pathogens might be present.
5. Handle sharps (needles, cut glass, etc.)
appropriately. Gloves will not protect
against being stuck or cut.
6. Never reach into trash to retrieve an
object. Empty the contents on a
newspaper and search with your eyes.
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Prevention of Exposure to
Bloodborne Pathogens
7.. Use Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
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Wear gloves
Remove gloves properly
Wash hands after glove removal just in case
Wear a mask / eye protection if body fluids
could splash or spray into your eyes, nose
or mouth.
Use a CPR mask if need to do mouth- to
mouth
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Prevention of Exposure to
Bloodborne Pathogens
8.
Never assume that someone’s body fluids or blood are
“safe” to touch. Diseases can be carried in the blood
without showing any signs or symptoms.
If something is wet, don’t touch it!
“Universal Precautions” , defined by the CDC, means blood
and body fluids from all persons are considered
potentially infectious, and protection against exposure
needs to be used at all times.
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Prevention of Exposure to
Bloodborne Pathogens
9. Wipe up spilled blood or other body fluids
with disposable towels. Double bag
bloody waste.
10. Clean contaminated surfaces with a 10%
bleach solution (1/4 cup bleach to a
gallon of water)
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What if you are exposed?
1. Wash the area immediately with soap
and running water.
2. Don’t Panic
3. Report the incident promptly to the
school nurse who will help you to:
1. Complete the employee
incident form, and
2. Get medical help (even if you
think you do not need to be seen).
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KEEP SAFE
• Please protect yourself, your co-workers
and your students by taking precautions,
not chances.
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References
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About Bloodborne Pathogens, Channing L. Bete Co, Inc., 1992.
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Bloodborne Infections: A Practical Guide to OSHA Compliance, Johnson & Johnson
Medical, 1992
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Hepatitis B Fact Sheet, www. cdc.gov/hepatitis, May 24, 2005.
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Hepatitis B Frequently Asked Questions,
www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/b/faqb.htm, 8 / 17/2006
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Hepatitis C Fact Sheet, www.cdc.gov/hepatitis, May 24, 2005
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HIV and Its Transmission, CDC, July 1999
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The Bloodborne Pathogens Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030, New York City Department
of Education Division of Human Resources, Prepared by The Office of Occupational
Safety and Health Updated 9/2002.
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Universal precautions for Prevention of Transmission of HIV and other Bloodborne
Infections, updated 1996 www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/bp_universal _precautions.html
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