Transcript Power Point

ラッサ熱
(Lassa Fever)
人獣共通
Mastomys
Lassa virus
CDC: Lassa Fever
国立感染症研究所 IDWR 2002
年第35週号
25 July 2006: Imported case in Germany
The patient, resident in Sierra Leone, became ill with fever on 5 July 2006 and
flew to Germany on 10 July 2006, where he arrived the following day.
20 April 2004: Lassa fever in Sierra Leone (詳細不明)
10 February 2003: Imported case in UK
British soldier recently returned from duty in rural Sierra Leone has
been confirmed by virological tests.
25 July 2000: Imported case in the Netherlands(26 July : Update)
A man, working as a surgeon in Sierra Leone became ill with fever on 11 July,
returned to The Netherlands the following day and was hospitalized.
4 April 2000: Imported case in Germany
The patient was a Nigerian national, working in Nigeria, who had been
transferred to Germany by air ambulance for medical treatment.
13 March 2000: Suspected Lassa fever, UK(14 March : Confirmation)
a 50 year old British national who had been working for the peacekeeping effort
in rural Sierra Leone.
13 January 2000: Imported case in Germany(18 January: Update)
a 23-year-old female student reportedly had spent November and
December in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana. She returned to Germany on 7
January via Lisbon, Portugal and was admitted to a hospital with
fever and flu-like symptoms.
View or download the slideset (file size about 224 K)
CDC slideset covers general facts, transmission, prevention, and control of Lassa fever.
Infection control for viral haemorrhagic fevers in the African health care setting
アフリカの医療機関におけるウイルス性出血熱を制御するための国際協力連携網
International and Regional Contacts
SWITZERLAND
ZIMBABWE
World Health Organization (WHO)
WHO Regional Office for Africa
WHO Collaborating Centres for Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious
Diseases(USAMRIID)
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Institut Pasteur de Bangui
FINLAND
University of Helsinki
FRANCE
Institut Pasteur à Paris
GERMANY
Philipps-University
KENYA
Kenya Medical Research Institute
NIGERIA
University of Ibadan
SOUTH AFRICA
National Institute for Virology
SWEDEN
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control
UNITED KINGDOM
Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research
日本は発展途上国に対して多額の資金を供与しているが、
人的支援が足りないとみなされている。
マールブルグ出血熱
(Marburg hemorrhagic fever) 人獣共通
WHO: Marburg haemorrhagic fever - fact sheet (2005)
1967: Germany and Yugoslavia.
1975: South Africa, possibly via Zimbabwe.
1980: Kenya.
1987: Kenya.
1998–2000: Democratic Republic of Congo.
2004–2005 (ongoing): Angola.
Images from the outbreak of
Marburg haemorrhagic fever in
Uige Province, Angola 2005
Controlling the Marburg
outbreak in Angola
WHO: Disease Outbreak News
3 August 2007 in Uganda (update; 14 August)
Marburg haemorrhagic fever has been confirmed in a 29-year-old man in
Uganda. The man became symptomatic on 4 July 2007, was admitted to
hospital on 7 July and died on 14 July. The disease was confirmed by
laboratory diagnosis on 30 July. （鉱山労働者、その介護者も感染） . Ecological
studies are underway by a team of experts from the CDC, WHO and the
Government of Uganda , to establish the hosts and mode of natural
transmission of the virus in the environment, with particular emphasis on the
mines and surrounding area.
CDC: Small outbreak, with 2 cases, one fatal, in young males working in a
mine. To date, there have been no reported cases among health workers.
マールブルグ出血熱の流行史
Year(s)
Country
1967
Germany and
Yugoslavia
1975
Origin
No of cases
Uganda
No of
deaths (%)
32
7 (21)
Johannes-burg, Zimbabwe
South Africa
3
1 (33)
1980
Kenya
Kenya
2
1 (50)
1987
Kenya
Kenya
1
1 (100)
1998-2000 Democratic
Republic of
Congo (DRC)
Durba, DRC
154
128 (83)
2004-2005 Angola
Uige Province, Angola
252
227 (90)
Uganda
Lead and gold mine in
Kamwenge District,
Uganda
2
1 (50)
446
366(82)
2007
Total
CDC: Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever
WHO: Disease Outbreak News
CDC: Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever
23 March 2005: in Angola (update; 24 March - 24 August)
In mid-March the Angola reports of 63 deaths (mostly children and
three health care workers) among patients. The disease spread
particularly among people exposed to the Marburg virus during home
care or at funerals（葬儀）, via contact with body fluids of those who died
from the disease.
Outbreak believed to have begun in Uige Province in October 2004.
Most cases detected in other provinces have been linked directly to the
outbreak in Uige
30 April 1999: in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Update; 5
May 1999 - 31 March 2000)
Final confirmation has been received, in 4 of the 6 patients on whom
we reported on 21 March. These confirmations yield a revised total of 16
cases since November 1999. Twelve have had the diagnosis confirmed
by virological tests and 4 are classified as suspect cases as no clinical
samples were available.
Most cases occurred in young male workers at a gold mine in Durba,
in the north-eastern part of the country, which proved to be the epicentre
of the outbreak. Cases were subsequently detected in the neighboring
village of Watsa.
Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a rare,
severe type of hemorrhagic fever which
affects both humans and non-human
primates. Caused by a genetically
unique zoonotic RNA virus of the
filovirus family, its recognition led to the
creation of this virus family. The four
species of Ebola virus are the only other
known members of the filovirus family.
独特の形を記憶する
フィロウイルス科
How do humans get Marburg hemorrhagic
fever?
細胞質内で増殖し、細胞
Just how the animal host first transmits Marburg virus to humans is
unknown. However, as with some other viruses膜から出芽する。細胞質
which cause viral
hemorrhagic fever, humans who become ill with
Marburg hemorrhagic
内封入体を形成。マール
fever may spread the virus to other people. This may happen in several
ブルグウイルス、エボラウ
ways. Persons who have handled infected monkeys and have come in
イルスのウイルス分離、
direct contact with their fluids or cell cultures, have
become infected.
Spread of the virus between humans has occurred
in a setting of close
血清学的診断はP4レベ
contact, often in a hospital. Droplets of body fluids,
or direct contact
ルの設備を有した検査室
with persons, equipment, or other objects contaminated with infectious
でのみ許可されている。
blood or tissues are all highly suspect as sources
of disease. 動物も同様