Transcript MAIN TITLE

International Health Regulations (IHR 2005)
Laboratory and Zoonosis update
Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis for Zoonotic Pathogens
30 July – 01 August, Chonburi, Thailand
Dr Richard Brown, WHO Thailand
Priorities and context in the Asia Pacific
Region?
• Priority Hazards to Public Health in the Asia Pacific Region..?
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Emerging and re-emerging communicable diseases, including zoonoses
Anti-microbial resistance
Increasing incidence / recognition of chemical / toxic events
Increasing incidence of some natural disasters (typhoons & floods)
• A changing context…
– Rapid economic development and industrialization
– Increasing travel
– Effects of climate change
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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What are the revised International Health
Regulations (2005)?
• An internationally agreed instrument
for global public health security
• Represents the joint commitment of
countries for shared responsibilities
and collective defence against the
spread of disease
• Legally binding for WHO Member
States since June 2007
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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Revision means a new approach
• From control at borders, to containment at source
• From a‘list of diseases’ to a broad range of threats
• From preset measures to risk-based assessment / response
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National IHR Focal points
WHO IHR Contact Points in Regional Offices
IHR Department in WHO Headquarters
Annual reporting to the World Health Assembly
Internet-based ‘Event Information Site’
An IHR ‘Emergency Committee’ and an IHR ‘review process’
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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What does IHR implementation
actually mean…?
• Two very important aspects…
1. An immediate and ongoing requirement for countries to
report some types of event when they occur, and for WHO
to provide assistance
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Joint risk assessment
Joint response
2. A requirement, linked to a timeframe for countries to
establish ‘core capacities’ to detect and respond to public
health events (initially, by June 2012)
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WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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IHR as a Public Health Good
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WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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What needs to be reported to WHO?
• Any potential ‘Public Heath Event of International Concern’ (PHEIC)
• To help any decision about what to report, some criteria have
been established to describe a potential PHEIC
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Is the public health impact of the event serious?
Is the event unusual or unexpected?
Is there a significant risk of international spread?
Is there a significant risk of international travel or trade restrictions?
• A decision on whether to report an event to WHO will normally be
made by the national IHR focal point
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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IHR Core Capacities
• Eight “core capacities”
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National legislation, policy and financing
Coordination and National Focal Point (NFP) Communications
Surveillance
Response
Preparedness
Risk communication
Human resources
Laboratory (need to safely diagnose / exclude all important endemic or
imported pathogens and support diagnosis of chemical / toxic ‘events’)
• Points of Entry
• Capacities for IHR-relevant hazards (infectious diseases,
zoonoses, food safety, chemical, radio-nuclear)
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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Implementation of IHR Core capacities
in the SEA Region
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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Laboratory Services
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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Laboratory Biosafety / Biosecurity
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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IHR laboratory capacities: SEA Region
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WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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IHR Laboratory capacities: WP Region
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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Current situation….
• Many countries that did not achieve IHR core capacities by June
15th 2014 have already applied for a second 2-year extension,
until June 15th 2016
• When countries apply for an extension, they have to submit a
detailed implementation plan
• In the South-East Asia Region, only Thailand and Indonesia have
not requested an extension
• There is interest from US Government partners to fund capacity
building, including support for leadership by Thailand
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WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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Thailand can play an important role in
supporting other countries
• It is not feasible for all countries to develop high-level capacity for
laboratory diagnosis of all infectious diseases
– Small countries only need to have access to laboratory
– International laboratory networks are more efficient for some purposes
– Requires ‘arrangements’ for safe inter-country shipping of specimens
• Support can also be provided through
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Assessing laboratory services in other countries
Delivery of training
Reviewing / developing guidelines
Supporting outbreak response ‘in the field’
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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Thank you!
Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology (DSE)
WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (SEARO)
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