Transcript The Gender Gap in Heart Disease in Eastern Europe

Yehuda Neumark, Ph.D., M.P.H.
Lecturer in Epidemiology
Braun School of Public Health
& Community Medicine
Hebrew University-Hadassah
Jerusalem, Israel
[email protected]
“The present era of epidemiology is
coming to a close. The focus on risk
factors at the individual level – the
hallmark of this era – will no longer
serve. We need to be concerned
equally with causal pathways at the
societal level and with pathogenesis
and causality at the molecular level”
– Susser & Susser, AJPH, 1996
Molecular
Society
“Eureka! I’ve discovered the gene that makes us
think that everything is determined by genes.”
“If you would be a real seeker
after truth, it is necessary that
at least once in your life you
doubt, as far as possible, all
things”
- Descartes, Philosopher, 1596 -1650
“I had an immense advantage
over many others dealing with
the problem inasmuch as I had
no fixed ideas derived from longestablished practice to control
and bias my mind, and did not
suffer from the general belief that
whatever is, is right ”
- Sir Henry Bessemer
Inventor & Engineer, 1813 - 1898
“A MAJOR CHALLENGE FOR
EPIDEMIOLOGY today is to become an
effective instrument in the SHAPING AND
EVALUATION OF HEALTH POLICIES AND
PRACTICES… Epidemiologists must OBTAIN
AND ANALYSE THE INFORMATION
NEEDED and PRESENT IT to health
planners IN SUCH A WAY THAT THIS
INFORMATION CAN BE USED in policy,
planning and evaluation.
Michel Thuriaux, Epidemiology and Statistics Unit,
WHO Regional Office for Europe, 1992