Transcript PROTEIN COAT, (CAPSID)

_____________________________________________
-Any __________________
LIVING THING
or ___________________
PARTICLE
that can cause an __________________________.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE
INFECTIOUS AGENT
-Also known as _________________________.
____________________
An infectious particle made only
STRAND OF DNA or
of a ________________
RNA
________
surrounded by a
________________
PROTEIN COAT and
can only reproduce inside
another living cell. Always
cause infection on its host cell.
____________________
ONE-CELLED PROKARYOTIC
_________________
microorganisms that reproduce by
fission and can cause infection.
VIRION: Genetic material
surrounded by the capsid.
1. PROTEIN COAT,
(CAPSID)
2. CHROMOSOME-LIKE
PART
VACCINES
Use to help prevent organisms from becoming infected
by a viruse
* Injects dead virus into body
* Exposes immune system to virus
so it has the ability to recognize
the virus and destroy it if it enters
the body
•Substances made from
DEAD
OR WEAKENED PATHOGENS
__________________________.
DISEASE
•Introduce a ___________
into
BLOODSTREAM
the ________________.
B-CELLS
•Stimulate ___________
into
action, Which create
ANTIBODIES
________________
and a
MEMORY
______________
record of the
pathogen.
IMMUNITY
•Give organisms ____________
to future infections of same
PATHOGEN
________________.
Bioterror
2
1
3
6
4
5
ANIMATION
LYTIC INFECTION
LYSOGENIC INFECTION
REGARDLESS OF HOW A VIRUS INFECTS,
LYTIC INFECTION IT IS ALWAYS INFECTIOUS
LYSOGENIC INFECTION
COMMON COLD
1. THE
_________________________:
a. __________
known ‘cold’ viruses’
200
MUTATE as the move from one host to the next
b. _____________
INFLUENZA
2. _________________________:
EPIDEMICS
a. Spreads quickly and causes ___________________
- ____________________
RAPID OUTBREAK of an infection that
affects many people
Flu of
1918
b. _____________
of US population is infected with flu
20%
each year
c. Has a high _________________
MUTATION
rate of surface
MAKING A NEED FOR NEW!
proteins on capsids-________________________________
VACCINES
EVERY YEAR!
__________________________________
d. __________
Only 3 influenza subtypes infect ______________
HUMANS
HORSES, PIGS, WHALES, SEALS
e. Other subtypes might infect _____________________________
PROKARYOTES
•They are one of two __________________
(Having
NO Nucleus)
____________________________
SINGLE-CELLED
•They are _____________________.
MATERIAL
•They contain GENETIC
__________________
MICROSCOPIC (300 could be in a line on the tip of
• ____________________:
your pencil, but they’re still larger than viruses)
EVERYWHERE
•Found _____________________:
(live in water, air, soil, food)
SHAPE
•Classified by ______________
SINGLE CELLS
•Can be found as _______________,
_____________, or
PAIRS
COLONIES
_______________
_______________
FISSION
•Reproduce by _________________.
HELPFUL or HARMFUL
•Can be _______________________
COCCI = ROUND
____________________
BACILLI = ROD
____________________
SPIRILLA = SPIRAL
____________________
If conditions were harsh, how would a bacterial cell survive?
IT WOULD NEED PROTECTION AGAINST ELEMENTS
_________________________________________________________
DNA
What would you say is the most important part of the cell? ___________
Chromosome Material
Flagellum
Cytoplasm
cytoplasm
•No
nucleus
(only one m
chromosom
•Cell Wall
•Cell Memb
•Some have
•Cytoplasm
Endospore
Cell
Membrane
Cell Wall
Capsule
Capsule
•Some
have
A SPECIALIZED CELL WITH A THICK
1. ENDOSPORE: _______________________________________
PROTECTIVE WALL FORMED WHEN CONDITIONS
____________________________________________________
ARE UNFAVORABLE FOR A BACTERIA CELL
___________________________________________________.
chromosome
a. Bacterium copies its _________________________
wall
b. Produces a _____________
around the copy
STRUCTURE THAT SURROUNDS CELL TO
2. CAPSULE: ADAPTIVE
__________________________________________
PROTECT CELL AND ALLOW FOR IT TO ADHERE TO HOST
____________________________________________________
CAPSULE
___________
FLAGELLA
__________
Surrounds the entire cell and keeps it from drying out:
Whip-like structure:
Thick-walled structure that forms inside the cell enclosing DNA material:
Allows material to pass in and out of bacteria cell:
ENDOSPORE
___________
CELL
MEMBRANE
___________
CAPSULE
___________
Forms when living conditions are not ideal for bacteria to live:ENDOSPORE
__________
Gives the cell a basic shape:
__________
CELL
WALL
CHROMOSOME
Contains the traits of the bacteria cell:
__________
FLAGELLA
Helps bacteria cell to move:
__________
Helps the bacteria cell to ‘stick’ to food and other surfaces:
1. ______________________first destroying bacteria by raising
CANNING
temperatures, and then storing them in airtight containers.
2. _____________________-process
of heating milk to kill harmful
PASTEURIZTION
bacteria.
3. _____________________-slows
the growth of food by lowering
COOLING/FREEZING
their temperature.
4. _____________________-removing
the water from foods so
DEHYDRATION
that bacteria can’t live there.
First Defense:
Body Coverings
_______________________
Cuts in Skin
•______________________
Mucous Membranes
•______________________
Body Openings
•______________________
Second Defense:
IMMUNE SYSTEM
_______________________
White Blood Cells
•______________________
Antibodies
•______________________
Interferon
•______________________
Third Defense:
_______________________
Vaccines