Transcript Vitamins and minerals

The
period between
7 and
12
In relation
to nutrition,
the
years
is characterized
byAlso
slow
appetite
is often poor.
steady growth, increased body
there is building up of body
proportions , enhanced mental
reserves in preparation for
capabilities and better motor
the increased
needs
combination.
The
schoolduring
children
the adolescent
stages.
now
start to assert
his
individuality, is less dependent on
his parents, begin to have his
own set of friends and school
activities keep him busy most of
the time..
The basic food needs for schoolchild are the same when he
was young, but the quantity are increased to take care of his
greater needs. Compared to pre-school child, a school child
needs more calories to give him energy because he has more
activities. He needs more protein for growth and development
and more vitamins and minerals for protection from infection to
which he is fully exposed to outside his home environment.
Energy The energy requirement of the child is determined by
his basal metabolism, age and activity. Allowances for school
children decreased gradually from 70-80 calories/kDBW for the
7-9 years old about 65 calories / kDBW for the boys and 55
calories/kDBW for girls for the 10-12 years old.
Protein The child’s protein requirement is relatively higher in
relation to body weight than those of an adult. The
requirements are high for the periods of rapid growth and
lower during the periods of slower growth.
Vitamins and minerals Essential for growth and
development are required in higher amounts per kilogram of
body weight than in adults.
Fluids The total daily fluid requirement of a normal healthy
child is 4 to 6 glasses or 1 to 1-½ liter per
day
Inadequate Meals
Socio-economic factors such a s poverty is still the most
significant determinant of not having enough food to eat.
Inadequate meals are likely to arise as a result of missing
breakfast by schoolchildren.
Skipping breakfast maybe due to the following:
 Late bed riser thus he has to rush in preparing oneself
to school
 No breakfast prepared yet
 Too early school schedule
 Lunch eaten outside the home oftentimes contribute to
inadequate nutrient intake for schoolchildren
Poor appetite
Stress of school work, demanding extracurricular activities with
too little rest and sleep affects the child’s appetite. The
proliferation of low nutrient density foods in school canteen or
nearby store will take away the child’s delight for nutritious
foods.
Poor eating habits
Poor eating practices such as little intake of vegetables, too
much snacks eaten close to meal time, hurried meals or meal
skipping is another problem.
COMMON PROBLEMS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN
• Undernutrition
• Constipation
• Dental Caries
The child’s diet should be equally divided into three meals
It is essential for the child to go to school with good breakfast.
An excessive consumption of candies and sweets should be
discouraged.
Snacks as long as it is not taken near the regular meals and it
provides additional energy for very active child.
Prepare nutritious home packed lunches.
The school should also provide a clean well-lighted and well
ventilated room with appropriate table and chairs for children
who bring home packed lunches to school.
Allow sufficient time for meals.
Regulate the activities of the child
To develop good food habits in children, nutrition related
activities should be provided in the classroom experience.
In packing the packed lunch here are the things to consider:
Plan foods than can be fitted in a lunch pack. Foods that are soupy
and saucy should be avoided.
Limit the choice of food to those that will maintain their palatability
regardless of their being served cold and wrapped for sometime.
Include foods that do not need special tablewares.
There should be variety in the foods given.
Choose fresh vegetables and fruits for desserts.
Vary the “baon” from day to day to allow the child to enjoy his
food.
Milk or juice may be planned if a small thermos bottle is
available.