Transcript Global Mobility Possible Consequences in the Spreading of

Global Mobility
Possible Consequences in the
Spreading of Infectious Diseases
and the Prevention through
Social-Cultural Approach
Myrtati Dyah Artaria
[email protected]
Dept. Anthropology
Airlangga University, Surabaya,
Indonesia
Background
• Global mobilization is affecting all aspects
of human around the world, including the
spread of disease
• Disease may affect the wellbeing and the
economic status of an individual
• Some diseases are now not only the
result of poverty, but have been
contributing to poverty
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• Halting and reversing the spread of
infectious disease required greater access
to prevention services and treatment, care
and support
• It is estimated that in the next 40 to 50
years infections will become even more of
a problem
• This rise is due to several factors, one of
them is the increase in global travel.
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How to overcome?
• Mass media
• However, they must be well planned and
tested
• Prevention and treatment strategies
should be integrated within existing
social, cultural and religious frameworks,
– working with religious leaders as key
collaborators, and
– provision of appropriate healthcare
resources and infrastructure
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Problems of AI in Indonesia
• Avian flu as a bio-social and bio-political
challenge for Indonesia than merely an
epidemiological challenge
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Culture
• is the foundation and core of any
economic and social transformation
• A cultural approach should be
adopted
–in all development strategies,
programs and projects
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Cultural Approach
• populations’ cultural references and
resources
– ways of life, value systems,
traditions and beliefs, and the
fundamental rights of persons
• key references in building a
framework for strategies, policies and
project planning,
• resources and basis for building
relevant and sustainable action
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Objectives
• Fighting the expansion of the virus
• Identify cultural factors and resources,
which play an important role in the
expansion of the virus
– Promoting cultural and behavior change
– Erasing local habit that support the
expansion of the virus
– Promoting participatory processes and
community support in fighting the spread of
virus
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Methods
• Inteviews and indepth interviews to
several stakeholders:
– Local doctors
– The head of the district
– Government Officers
– Teachers
– Common people
• The research took place in Surabaya, East
Java
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Findings
Low level of education, poverty, some
cultural norms and habits, have
contributed to the rise of the pandemic.
• Some people in East Java consider even
chicken as pets
• local practice is not very easy to change
• pride of owning certain kind of birds
• Hand-washing habit is not present
• Spitting in public places
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• Regulation alone will not change
behaviors
• Factors affecting adherence to
proper procedures is rooted in
individuals' behavior
• hand cleansing patterns are most
likely established in the first 10 years
of life
• The lack of hand washing promotes
the spread of food-borne illnesses
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Agents of Change
• Doctors
• Nurses
• Teachers
• Head of Village
• Head of District
• “Karang Taruna”
Info through
• Internet
• Television
• Radio
• Leaflets
(Youth) leaders
• “Kyai” (Islamic
religious leaders)
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Socialize:
• 1. Getting rid of the infected birds, by
burning them
• 2. Vaccinate the healthy birds
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Socialize:
To the High risk group (farm people, bird
vendors)
• a. Washing hands using disinfectant, bathing
after working
• b. Avoiding direct contact with infected birds
• c. Wearing protecting apparels (masks and
working clothes).
• d. Don’t bring the working cloth home.
• e. Cleaning the bird’s drop everyday.
• f. Immunize the high risk group
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Socialize:
The common people:
a. Maintaining health by eating nutritious food and
having adequate rest.
b. The right way to cook chicken:
- choose a healthy chicken
- no sign of sickness on the chicken
- cooking the chicken for 1 minute in ± 800C
temperature
c. Cooking the eggs for 4.5 minutes in ± 640C
temperature.
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The Department of Health
• Socializing the danger of AI
• Investigating the workers in farms,
and vendors
• closely monitor the people who are
infected by the virus
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The Department of Health
• Building networks with many
•
stakeholders to educate the society
Increasing the coordination and
integration with other departments
–Working together with The
Agriculture Department and the
Regional Department
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Recommendations
• Peer education at schools, interactive learning
•
•
and communication
Identifying more of cultural features/references
and resources, including religious, spiritual,
ethical values, taboos, which interact
significantly in preventing or expanding Avian
Flu Virus
Promoting awareness, sense of responsibility,
mutual respect, reviewing cultural traditions
and references in order to achieve cultural
and behavioral change
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Recommendations
For children and young people to socialize
healthier behavior using more interesting
media
• fun advertisement on TV,
• children play,
• story telling,
• games,
• interactive learning, and
• internet
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Topics for cultural and
b
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a
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• Hand washing
• Wearing mask
• No spitting
• Nutritious and
balance food
• Food and taboos &
social status
g
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• Pregnancy and
taboos
• Childrens’ food and
taboos
• Sanitary and habits
• Religion and
cleanliness
– “Being clean is part
of Islamic faith”
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