Transcript Infection control

Infection control
Salon services I
Chapter 5
#1 What are bacteria
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Minute, one celled microorganisms
with both plant and animal
characteristic's.
#2 Name and describe the two
main classifications of bacteria.
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Pathogenic; bad, harmful, cause
disease, produces pus, makes you sick
Non pathogenic; good, harmless,
beneficial, breaks down dead matter,
helps in digestion
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PATHOGENIC
Produce disease and sickness
harmful
NON PATHOGENIC
Harmless
 Non disease
causing
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Stages of life of bacteria
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Active: grow, multiple, divide
Inactive: growth is slowed, spore forming
state, becomes dormant
Bacteria changes stages when conditions
become favorable or unfavorable-such as
food source or temperature
#3 What are some of the beneficial
functions performed by non
pathogenic bacteria?
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Help metabolize food
protect against infectious
microorganisms
stimulate immune system
Breaks down dead matter
#4 Name and describe the
three forms of bacteria.
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Cocci round cells
Bacilli rod cells
Spirilla spiral cells
Cocci round cells
clusters, pairs, chains
Bacilli rod shaped cells
Spirilla spiral shaped cells
Reproduction of cells
Mitosis; cells divide in half
Sister
Cells
Active
stage
Movement of bacteria
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COCCI are the slowest movers-they
flow with the fluids surrounding them
Bacilli based infection
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MYCOBACTERIUM FORTUTITUM
Pedicure/hot
tub/showers
bacilli
#5 What is the difference
between local and general
infections?
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Local infections: in one area, can see
pus and redness; pimple or abscess
General infection: can only see or
hear symptoms, cough, sniffles,
sneezing; gets in bloodstream carries
bacteria all over the body
Local and general infections
#6 How are viruses
different from bacteria?
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Viruses invade bacteria by penetrating
the cells and becoming part of them
Viruses can’t live on their own
Anti-biotic won’t effect viruses
Vaccinations can prevent viruses if one
exists
Viruses need to run their course
viruses
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Mumps
Measles
HIV
AIDS
Chicken pox
Small pox
Rabies
Influenza
Polio
Yellow fever
hepatitis
#7 How does AIDS affect the body? How is it
transmitted? How is it not transmitted?
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AIDS; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome:
breaks down the immune system allowing simple
sicknesses to be fatal.
AIDS is transmitted from person to person, blood
and body fluids, unprotected sex, sharing needles,
accidents with needles in health care, cuts and
sores coming in contact with infected person.
AIDS cannot be transmitted by casual contact,
sharing food, household items or airborne contact.
#8 What is a contagious or
communicable disease?
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A disease that is spread from person
to another by any form or method.
Can be as simple as a common cold or
as deadly as meningititus
#9 Define immunity and
name two types.
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Immunity; the bodies ability to destroy
any bacteria that has gained entrance
and resist the infection.
Natural is born with you or inherited
Acquired is developed as you grow
and as you get vaccinations or after
you’ve had a sickness
Immune system
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The army inside your body that fights
illnesses
Low immunity increases illnesses
Outside influences increase or decrease
immunity
HIV / AIDS attack immune system
Human immunodeficiency virus
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Aids causes simple illnesses to become fatal
#10 Describe the procedure for
taking care of a blood spill.
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Stop and clean injured area
Apply antiseptic
Cover injury with band aid or other appropriate dressing
Use finger guard or gloves as needed
Clean client and workstation
Discard all disposable objects by double bagging and label bio hazard
Wash hands with soap and warm water
Disinfect all tools contaminated with blood or body fluids by immersion in an EPA
registered disinfectant that hills HIV-1 and Hepatitis B (hospital grade disinfectant)
In class, don’t touch the blood or the area, call the teacher, don’t panic, be aware of
blood spray or splatter (coughing or gagging) and always use common sense when
something happens to produce blood.
#11 What is decontamination? Explain
the three levels of decontamination.
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Decontamination is the removal of pathogens and other
substances from tools and surfaces.
Sanitation: reduces the number of pathogens, lowest level,
can be as simple as washing your hands or taking the hair out
of the bristles of a brush
Disinfection: second level, does not kill spores but control
microorganisms on hands and simple surfaces (manicure
equipment, salon implements, tables, toilet seats, etc.)
Sterilization: Highest level, kills every organism on a surface
whether harmful or harmless; not practical in the salon,
mostly used in medical or research labs and clean rooms.
Disinfectants
 Hospital
grade
– Must be virucidal, bacterialicidal,
pseudomonacidal, fungicidal
 Non
hospital grade
– Commerical use, household use, kills
most but not all pathogenic bacteria
products
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Antiseptics – for use on living tissue,
doesn’t kill all pathogenic bacteria due
to strength issues
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Disinfectants –
– Non hospital grade
– Hospital grade pseudonomacidal,
bactericide, virucidal, fungicidial
#12 What if efficacy and
why is it important
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Efficacy; the power to produce an
effect; in a chemical it is the ability to
control bacteria, funguses and viruses.
A efficacy statement is listed on the
label (MSDS) of chemicals to the
strength of bacteria control or
destruction.
#13 What is an MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
This is information required on all
products containing any type of
chemical as to the dangers, handling
and storage requirements.
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MSDS
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
#14 List and describe three
types of salon disinfectants.
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Quaternary ammonium compounds; non toxic,
odorless, fast acting, good for disinfecting
implements.
Phenols; caustic poison that can be safe and
effective if used according to the directions. Mostly
used on metal items, usually a 5% solution is
effective
Sodium hypochlorite (common bleach); effective
disinfection, not designed for salon implements,
used in restrooms and as a required laundry
additive
Ultra sonic cleaner
used to clean small items such as
piercing tools and tattoo needles.
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Must add effective disinfectant
OSHA
occupational safety health
agency
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Protects employees at the work place
Requires protective wear
Requires safe work space
Requires clean work surroundings
EPA
Environmental protection
agency
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Registers chemicals
Controls pollutants
in the air, land
and water
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#15 Explain how to
disinfect the following:
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Implements for haircutting:
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Pre clean
Rinse pat dry
Wear goggles and gloves
Mix solvent or chemical
Immerse implements
Remove implements
Rinse, air dry
Place in clean, closed disinfecting cabinet
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Linens and capes:
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Launder and bleach according to label directions
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Electrical equipment: wipe and spray with EPA registered product for
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Work surfaces:
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Use EPA registered disinfectant and follow manufactures directions
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electrical equipment.
#16 List at least six precautions to
follow when using disinfectants.
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Wear gloves
Add chemical to water not water to chemical
Use tongs, gloves or draining basket to
remove item from chemical
Keep away from children
Don’t pour disinfectants over hands
Carefully weigh and measure chemicals
Don’t use un marked bottles or containers
Follow manufactures direction exactly
#17 What are Universal Precautions?
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A set of guidelines and controls, published by the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
that require the employer and the employee to
assume that all human blood and specified body
fluids are infectious for HIV, AIDS, or other
bloodborn pathogens. Universal precautions
include hand washing, gloving, personal protective
equipment such as goggles, injury prevention, and
proper handling and disposal of needles and
products that have been contaminated by blood or
other body fluids.