Transcript WorldMalariaReport

World Malaria Report
Background information
UNICEF
The United Nations Children's Fund was created by
the United Nations General Assembly on December
11, 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare
to children in countries that had been devastated by
World War II. In 1953, UNICEF became a permanent
part of the United Nations System and its name was
shortened from the original United Nations
International Children's Emergency Fund but it
has continued to be known by the popular acronym
based on this old name. .
Headquartered in New York City, UNICEF provides
long-term humanitarian and developmental assistance
to children and mothers in developing countries.
UNICEF relies on contributions from governments and
private donors and UNICEF's total income for 2006
was $2,781,000,000. Governments contribute two
thirds of the organization's resources; private groups
and some 6 million individuals contribute the rest
through the National Committees.
UNICEF's programs emphasize developing
community-level services to promote the
health and well-being of children. UNICEF
was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965
and the Prince of Asturias Award of Concord
in 2006.
Mark Allen Young, is a board-certified
specialist in Physical Medicine and
Rehabilitation and a licensed acupuncturist.
His subspecialty interest is in pain
management. He graduated from the Finch
University Chicago Medical School, did his
residency at the Albert Einstein Montefiore
Medical Center, and was recruited to the
faculty of the Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine in 1991.
He is an active member of the Johns Hopkins
Physicians and Surgeons Association, and is a
past president of the Maryland State Society of
PM&R. He also serves as Chairman of the
Dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
at the Maryland Rehabilitation Center at the
Maryland State Department of Education. He
has authored many professional publications
relating to rehabilitation medicine,
which have appeared in JAMA, The New
England Journal of Medicine, and the New
York Times, among other publications, and he
has written and edited four rehabilitation
textbooks that have been translated into many
foreign languages. He has lectured extensively
in this country and abroad. He lives in
Baltimore, Maryland.
Words and Expressions
malaria
a common tropical disease caused by the bite of
a certain mosquito
eg. Malaria is a kind of disesse, and it can cause
death.
mosquito-borne
mosquito: a small flying insect that pricks the
skin of people or animals and then drinks
blood
-borne: carried as stated
eg. Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that can
both be prevented and treated.
UNICEF
United Nations International Children’s
Emergeny Fund
eg. UNICEF is a kind of organization that can
give help to the children in malaria disease.
eradicate
to completely destroy something
eg. Many tropical diseases have still not been
successfully eradicated.
eradication noun.
occasional
happening from time to time
eg. 1.I get the occasional business trip abroad.
2. There will be occasional showers during
the day.
prevalent
existing commonly, generally, or widely
eg. Eye diseases are prevalent in some tropical
countries.
prophylaxis
preventive treatement agsinst disease,etc
eg. I took prophylaxis to prevent malaria every
week
insecticide
a chemical substance used to kill insects
eg. The farmers use the insecticide to kill all the
pests.
protective
giving protection against harm
eg. 1.All workers must wear protective clothing.
2. Other friends of mine though who did not
take those protective measures did get
malaria .
parasite
a plant or animal that lives on or in another and
get food from it
eg. The parasite itself is present in so many
people and the mosquito can pick up the
parasite from one person, go and bite the
next person and that person comes down
with malaria.
subsidize
(of government or large organizations) to pay
part of the costs of something in order to
keep prices lower or help an organization
eg. Farmers have been heavily subsidized by the
government.
subsidized: adj. being subsidized
eg. In our school you can buy subsidized meals.
intrigue
to interest someone greatly
eg. 1. Your story intrigues me greatly.
2. I’m very intrigued by this new idea for
saving paper.
fraction
A very small piece or amount
eg. We are selling it at a fraction of the original
price.
endemic
found regularly in a particular place(used of
diseases)
eg. This chest disease is endemic among miners
in this area.
inroads
make inroads into:
to take away or use up large amounts of
something; to advance into a new area
eg.1. My holiday made terrible inroads into my
savings.
2. Their new soft drink is already making
inroads into the market.
measles
an infectious illness that gives you a fever and
small red sports on your skin(麻疹）
vaccinate
to put vaccine into someone’s body as a
protection against a disease
Vaccination
eg. He’s had his vaccination against typhoid.
chloroquine
an antimalarial drug used to treat malaria and
amebic dysentery and systemic lupus
erythematosus
eg. Choloroquine is a kind a drug which can treat
malaria.
advocacy
giving of support (to a cause,etc)
eg. She is well known for her advocacy of
women’s rights.
interactive
(of two or more people or things) interacting
eg. The psychotherapy is carried out in small
interactive groups.
fatalistic
showing a belisf in fate
eg. She is never a fatalistic person, so she will
never give up in her business.
immunity
the condition in which an organism can resist
disease
eg. This vaccine will give you immunity for two
years.
macabre
shockingly repellent; inspiring horror
eg. He told me many macabre tales of violent
murders. I could not sleep well at night.
convulsions
violent uncontrollable contractions of muscles
eg. The child reacted to the drug by going into
convulsions.
anemia
a deficiency of red blood cells
eg. A child gets repeated infections with malaria,
he recovers partly and then gets malaria
again and it causes very severe anemia.
malnourished
not being provided with adequate nourishment
eg. Don't always eat hamburgers for meals, or
else you'll get malnourished.
diarrhea
frequent and watery bowel movements; can be a
symptom of infection or food poisoning or
colitis or a gastrointestinal tumor
eg. I have diarrhea. I wonder if I ate something
bad yesterday.
pneumonia
respiratory disease characterized by
inflammation of the lung parenchyma
(excluding the bronchi) with congestion
caused by viruses or bacteria or irritants
eg. 1.The patient caught pneumonia and went out
shortly before midnight.
2.He was indebted to her for nursing him
through pneumonia.