Transcript Canine Breeding Management - Iowa State University: Animal

Cat and Dog
Preventative Medicine:
Breeding
and Genetic Medicine
Dr. N. Matthew Ellinwood, D.V.M., Ph.D.
April 2, 2012
IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES
Breeding Management and
Disease Prevention
• Infectious Agents
• Genetic Disease
– Simple
– Complex
Infectious Disease
• Canine Agents
• Feline Agents
Canine Agents
• Brucella canis
– Cause of reproductive failure and zoonotic
• Transmissible canine venereal tumor
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Tumor cells are the infectious agent
Over 6000 years old
Current form is 200-2000 years old
Issue in tropics/subtropics
Feline Agents
• Retroviruses
– FIV
– FeLV
Feline Blood Type
Incompatibility
• B queens bred to A toms or A carrier toms
– Blood typing
– DNA testing for B carrier status
B Blood Frequency by Breed
Table 1: Estimated frequency of type B cats in various breeds
NB: For some breeds only small numbers of cats have been tested, so the figures may not be as
accurate as they would be if results were available for larger numbers of cats. The proportion of group B
cats within a breed may change with time, depending on breeding choices and patterns within that breed.
Only type A
Low type B
frequency
Intermediate type B High type B
frequency
frequency (>25%)
(1-10%)
(10-25%)
Siamese*
American Shorthair*
Abyssinian*
British Shorthair* ^
Tonkinese*
Maine Coon*
Birman* ^ †
Cornish Rex*
Oriental Shorthair*
Manx*
Burmese^
Devon Rex* †
Norwegian Forest*
Himalayan*
Exotic*
Bengal**
Persian* ^
Ragdoll*
Scottish Fold*
Turkish Van*
Somali*
Turkish Angora *
Sphynx* †
* Figures supplied by Dr Giger, University of Pennsylvania
^ Figures from a study of UK cats conducted by C Knottenbelt, University of Glasgow
† Figures supplied by Dr Addie, University of Glasgow
** Figures supplied by Professor D Gunn-Moore, Edinburgh University
Breeds at Risk
(Summary)
• Exclusive A cats
– Siamese
– Tonkinese
– Oriental Shorthair
• Other breeds at risk ranging from 1% to
greater than 25% (i.e. British shorthairs)
Cardiac Evaluation
and Thyroid Evaluation
• Heart
– Echo
– Dipl. ACVIM (Cardio)
• Thyroid
– Blood tests
– OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals)
Recessive Genetic Disease in Dogs
and Cats
• Dozens of genetic disease in dogs and cats for
which genetic tests exist
• DNA based tests are usually breed specific
• Some breeds share mutations
• Involve serious inherited recessive diseases of
various body systems
– Vision
– Lysosomal Storage Diseases
– Hematological Disorders
Breed Specific Tests
Airdale Terrier
English Cocker Spaniels
Miniature Poodle
American Cocker Spaniels
English Pointer
Miniature Schnauzer
Australian Cattle Dogs
English Setter
Newfoundland
Australian Shepherd
English Springer Spaniel
Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers
Basenji
Field Spaniel
Basset Hound
Flat-coated Retriever
Bedlington Terrier
German Short-haired Pointer
Bernese Mountain Dog
German Wire-haired Pointer
Briard
Golden Retriever
Brittany Spaniel
Great Dane
Bull Terrier
Greyhound
Shetland Sheepdog
Bullmastiffs
Irish Setters
Shih Tzu
Cairn Terrier
Irish Red & White Setters
Siberian Huskies
Cardigan Welsh Corgi
Kerry Blue Terrier
Sloughis
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers
Labrador Retriever
Toy Poodles
Curly-Coated Retriever
Large Munsterlander
West Highland White Terrier
Dachshunds
Lhasa Apso
Wheaten Terrier
Dalmatian
Manchester Terrier
Whippet
Doberman Pinscher
Mastiffs
Miniature Pinschers
Papillon
Pembroke Welsh Corgi
Poodles (all varieties)
Portuguese Water Dog
Samoyeds
Schipperke
Scottish Terrier
Wire-haired Pointing Griffon
Commercial DNA Based Testing
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Testing for diseases
Testing for traits (hair coat color)
Testing for parentage
Testing for heritage
University based, single tests
– Usually developer of tests
• University based, multiple tests and services
• Commercial laboratories, University spin-offs
• Commercial laboratories, usually little to no
development
• Price $75-$150
• Who you gonna call?
Vet Gen Coat Color Tests
• The B and b alleles of the dog
– Three mutations in Tyrosinase Related Protein1 (TRP1) involved in the chocolate coat color
in “bb” Labrador retrievers (and dogs of many
other breeds).
• The E and e alleles of the dog
– One mutation in the the Melanocortin-1
Receptor (MC1R) gene that causes the the
yellow coat color in “ee” dogs.
Orthopedic Evaluations
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OFA
Penn Hip (1.5 years)
HD (2 years of age)
OCD
ED
Age (see above)
Retesting
– Penn Hip – no
– HD - yes
Ocular Evaluations
• CERF evaluations
– ACVO
• Frequency
– Annually