Transcript Influenza A - Public health

SARS
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
What’s New and What’s Relevant in 2005-2006?
Jeffrey S. Duchin, M.D.
Chief, Communicable Disease Control,
Epidemiology and Immunization Section,
Public Health - Seattle & King County
Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,
University of Washington
SARS: October 2004
Quotes from World Health Organization (WHO)
“…the world is in an inter-epidemic
period for SARS.”
“At this time, the most probable sources of infection with
SARS-CoV are exposure in laboratories where the virus
is used or stored for diagnostic and research purposes,
or from animal reservoirs of SARS-CoV-like viruses. It
remains very difficult to predict when or whether SARS
will reemerge in epidemic form.”
SARS: What’s New?
Most recent human cases of SARS-CoV
infection
– China, April 2004: outbreak from
laboratory-acquired infections
Currently no known SARS transmission
anywhere in the world
Bats: Natural Reservoirs of
SARS-Like Coronaviruses
Bats are reservoir hosts of several
zoonotic viruses
– e.g., Hendra and Nipah viruses
Bats may be persistently infected with many
viruses but rarely display clinical symptoms
408 bats tested from four locations in China
– Three species from the genus Rhinolophus
(horseshoe bats) demonstrated a high SARS-CoV
antibody prevalence*:
13/46 bats (28%) in R. pearsoni from Guangxi
2/6 bats (33%) in R. pussilus from Guangxi
5/ 7 bats (71%) in R. macrotis from Hubei
*Li, et al (Science 2005; 310:676-679)
SARS: What’s Relevant in 2005-06?
Components of SARS Response Capacity*
Command and control: Incident management
Surveillance
Case and contact investigation and management
Preparedness & response in healthcare facilities
Community containment measures including
isolation and quarantine
Managing travel-associated risk
Laboratory diagnosis
Communication
* Based on CDC’s Public Health Guidance for Community Level
Preparedness and Response to SARS (version 2)
Questions