Transcript Slide 1 - Pepperscience

Food Science
Nutrients – what do we need?
What is food?
• Something that living organisms take into
their bodies to:
– provide us with energy
– help us to develop
– to keep us warm
– prevent disease
– Live
• We need food for all these processes
The Magnificent 7 (food substances)
Fibre
Minerals
Carbohydrates
A Healthy Diet
Water
Fat
Vitamins
Protein
Carbohydrates
• Most common source of energy
• Found in breads, potatoes, cereals
and pasta
• Sustained energy
• If not used up – gets turned into fat
• 4 – 5 portions a day
Fibre
• Needed to maintain healthy digestive
system – not strictly a nutrient
• Found in
– wholegrain breakfast cereals
– wholegrain, granary or seeded
breads
– brown rice
– fruit and vegetables
– beans and pulses
– nuts and seeds
Minerals
• Chemical elements needed to
keep you healthy
• Maintain immune system
• Helps cells and organs do their
jobs
• Found in:
– Fruit
– Vegetables
Vitamins
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‘Vital’ for life, can’t live without them
Only tiny amounts needed
Vitamin A, C, E
Found in:
– Fruit
– Vegetables
Fat
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Supplies energy
Insulates us
Fuel reserve
Needed as building blocks
Found in:
– Meat
– Olive oil
– Butter
– Milk
– Nuts
• To much is not good
Proteins
• Needed to build and
repair new cells
• Builds muscle
• Found in:
– Meat and fish
– Dairy products
– Soy products
– Nuts and pulses
– Eggs
• 12 % of daily intake
Water
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Between 50-60 % of your body is water
Needed for healthy body
Should drink 6 – 8 glasses a day
Found in:
– Fruits (watermelon)
– Vegetables (cucumber)
– Taps
• Need more when exercising
• Brain is 80% water, being dehydrated effects your
concentration
A balanced diet
• Each food should be eaten in the right
proportions
Fruit and vegetables
Bread, other cereals and
potatoes
Milk and dairy foods
Meat, fish and
alternatives
Foods containing fat
Foods containing sugar
Food scientists
• Investigate foods to determine which
nutrients they contain
• Test for:
– Carbohydrates – starch and glucose
– Fat
– Protein
Carbohydrates
• Starch
– Long chain carbohydrate (complex)
• Glucose
– Smaller, usable molecule
• Two tests:
– Benedicts for glucose
– Iodine for starch
Testing our food: Starch
Testing our food: Glucose
Testing for Fat
• Fat – emulsion test
Testing for Protein
• Biuret test for protein
• Complete a spider diagram entitled
Nutrients showing
– Each of the seven nutrients
– What we need them for
– An example of each