Transcript diseases of affluence

Diseases of Affluence
LO:
To describe and explain the global spread of
diseases of affluence
To explain the consequences of these diseases
Disease of Affluence
• Disease of Affluence generally include type 2
diabetes , coronary heart disease, obesity,
some forms of cancer and alcoholism. Some
are interrelated, e.g. obesity is thought to be a
partial cause of many other illnesses. They are
mostly non communicable diseases.
Task…
• In pairs come up with a list of factors that
create ‘diseases of affluence’
Factors you could have included
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increase use of the car,
less strenuous physical exercise,
easy access to large quantities of cheap food,
more high fat high sugar diets,
more processed foods,
increased leisure time, prolonged periods of
inactivity,
• greater use of alcohol and tobacco,
• longer life span due to reduced exposure to
infectious agents and greater use of antibiotics.
What is Obesity?
• Body mass index (BMI) is a simple index of
weight-for-height that is commonly used to
classify overweight and obesity in adults. It is
defined as a person's weight in kilograms
divided by the square of his height in meters
(kg/m2).Obesity is defined as a value over 30
– a person is overweight if their BMI is over
25
What do you think is meant by a
‘disease of affluence?’
• Obesity is generally considered to be a disease of the wealthy,
although ironically in the richest countries it is often young people
living in the less well-off families who are more likely to be
overweight, due to issues with their diet.
• There are some worrying figures relating to childhood obesity,
although there has also been controversy about when someone is
obese, and to what extent they are obese .This is often related to
diet, and the lack of exercise which some people attribute to the
growth in sedentary lifestyles and screen-based games.
• It is also cheaper to feed a child with unhealthy food than it is with
healthy food, which means that obesity is a problem in many
countries than one would not normally associate with it. There are
also clear health risks: overweight people die far earlier than
underweight people.
Watch the following video…
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDbocZ4
38f0
List the factors that show the problem of obesity
has increased over time
Why has the problem increased?
List what could be done about the problem
Global pattern of obesity
Obesity is a modern problem - statistics for it did not even exist 50 years ago.
An Obesity epidemic?
• Obesity is generally considered to be a disease of the wealthy,
although ironically in the richest countries it is often young people
living in the less well-off families who are more likely to be
overweight, due to issues with their diet.
• There are some worrying figures relating to childhood obesity,
although there has also been controversy about when someone is
obese, and to what extent they are obese. This is often related to
diet, and the lack of exercise which some people attribute to the
growth in sedentary lifestyles and screen-based games.
• It is also cheaper to feed a child with unhealthy food than it is with
healthy food, which means that obesity is a problem in many
countries than one would not normally associate with it. There are
also clear health risks: overweight people die far earlier than
underweight people.
What has been the economic impact
of obesity?
This includes
• :loss of earnings;
• long term sickness and inability to support oneself and family;
• need to give up work and rely on benefits/pensions at individual
level.
• There are clear implications for this – days lost from work and
impact on companies/organisations;
• the need to provide health care and cost of this;
• the need to fund research and development for new drugs which
is increasingly big business. May offer specific figures, drugs used
in support. All of this represents a drain on the economy, redirects
funds and therefore impacts development – the advancement in
drugs is a positive aspect and provides opportunities.
Diabetes - “Sugar rush...”
Diabetes is a disease that is growing in
prevalence in many countries, and
over 200 million people worldwide
suffer from it.
Like obesity, diabetes is related to diet
and lifestyle, particularly in those
countries where the changing diet has
caused an increase in the number of
cases.
Diabetes affects the body’s
metabolism, and involves a problem
with a hormone called insulin. It is a
disease which can be partly managed
by being careful over blood sugar
monitoring and medication. With type
1 diabetes, a daily injection of insulin
is required. The risk of developing type
2 diabetes can be dramatically reduced
by keeping body weight below that of
obesity, and avoiding particular types
of food which are common in a more
‘western’ diet.
Global map of coronary heart disease
Explain the global distribution of
diseases of affluence [6 marks]
Success criteria:
• Describe some of the diseases of affluence
• Give examples (with figures?) of where these
diseases are more and less common
• Give reasons why there is this pattern and
explain these reasons