Transcript The Early Music Instruments

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A harpsichord is a musical instrument
played by means of a keyboard. It
produces sound by plucking a string when
each key is pressed.
Also in the harpsichord family is the
smaller virginals, the muselar or muselaar
virginals and the spinet (but not the
clavichord which is a hammered
instrument).
The harpsichord was widely used in
baroque music. It became less popular
following the invention of the piano, but
its distinctive sound is still used in
contemporary music.
Lute can refer generally to any plucked string
instrument with a neck (either fretted or
unfretted) and a deep round back, or more
specifically to an instrument from the family of
European lutes.
The European lute and the Near-Eastern oud both
descend from a common ancestor, with diverging
evolutionary paths. The lute is used in a great
variety of instrumental music from the early
renaissance to the late baroque eras. It is also an
accompanying instrument, especially in vocal
works, often realizing a basso continuo or playing
a written-out accompaniment.
The player of a lute is called a lutenist, lutanist, or
lutist, and a maker of lutes (or any string
instrument) is called a luthier.
The Lute in its many forms throughout history is the
antecedent of the modern acoustic and electric
guitar, the banjo, the mandolin and other modern
neck instruments, although the modern guitar
owes the most to the lute.
Bagpipes are a class of musical
instrument, aerophones using enclosed
reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air
in the form of a bag. Though the Scottish
Great Highland Bagpipe and Irish uilleann
pipes have the greatest international
visibility, bagpipes have historically been
found throughout Europe, and into
Northern Africa, the Persian Gulf, and the
Caucasus. (See: List of bagpipes)
The term is equally correct in the singular
or plural, although in the English language
pipers most commonly talk of "pipes"
The recorder is a woodwind musical
instrument of the family known as fipple
flutes or internal duct flutes — whistle-like
instruments which include the tin whistle
and ocarina. The recorder is end-blown and
the mouth of the instrument is constricted
by a wooden plug, known as a block or
fipple.[1] It is distinguished from other
members of the family by having holes for
seven fingers (the lower one or two often
doubled to facilitate the production of
semitones) and one for the thumb of the
uppermost hand. The bore of the recorder is
tapered slightly, being widest at the
mouthpiece end of it (Baroque recorders)
and narrowest at the top, flared almost like a
trumpet at the bottom (Renaissance
instruments).
A brass instrument is a musical instrument whose
tone is produced by vibration of the lips as the
player blows into a tubular resonator. They are
also called labrosones, literally meaning "lipvibrated instruments" (Baines, 1993).
There are two factors in changing the pitch on a
valved brass instrument: pressing the valves to
change the length of the tubing, and changing
the player's lip aperture or "embouchure", which
determines the frequency of the vibration into
the instrument.
The view of most scholars (see organology) is that
the term "brass instrument" should be defined
by the way the sound is made, as above, and
not by whether the instrument is actually made
of brass. Thus, as exceptional cases one finds
brass instruments made of wood like the
alphorn, the cornett, and the serpent, while
some woodwind instruments are made of brass,
like the saxophone
A naker or nakir is a small drum, of
Arabic origin, and the forebear of
the European timpani (kettledrum).
The nakers were imported into
Europe during the Crusades of the
13th century.
Nakers consist of metal or wood
dome-shaped bodies with goatskin
drumheads, with or without snares,
and are played by striking them
with the hands or with sticks. They
are typically played in pairs, often in
a sling or harness.