Transcript X-ray Films, Yuen-June Change Slides, November 10, 2010

X-ray films
Yuen-Jung Chang
Medical Image
Before the invention of an x-ray, doctors would sometimes be forced to do
exploratory surgery to diagnose some injuries and diseases. Now, an x-ray is a
quick and painless procedure that has become a common occurrence is just
about every doctor‘s office and hospital in the civilized world
Cheap, Fast, Easy, Painless
Baggage scan
For more than 100 years X-ray technology has been instrumental in exposing details
hidden from the human eye
X-Ray machines are a perfect solution for the quick but thorough inspection of baggage
and other materials for firearms and other weapons.
Decoration & Art
How it works
When x-rays penetrate the body, they are absorbed in varying amounts by different parts of
the organ ex: skin tissue does not absorb the wave. However, denser objects such as
bones, tendons and ligaments may absorb the x-rays. The soft tissue around the bones
is much less dense and attenuates or absorbs far less x-ray energy
X-RAY GENERATORS
Sticky tape generates X-rays (triboluminescence)
Radiography
X-rays through a patient to a capture device then converted into an image for diagnosis
Fluoroscopy
Special applications of X-ray imaging, in which a fluorescent screen and image
intensifier tube is connected to a closed-circuit television system. This allows real-time
imaging of structures in motion
CT scanning
Reconstructed into 3D images
X-ray safety
Safe? Radiation dosage ?
A study into the risk of developing cancer from exposure
to medical X-ray tests has estimated that 0.6% of all
cancers diagnosed in the UK are due to medical X-rays.
" Background" radiation exposure
We are exposed to radiation from natural sources all
the time. The average person in the U.S. receives an
effective dose of about 3 mSv per year from naturally
occurring radioactive materials and cosmic radiation
from outer space The added dose from cosmic rays
during a coast-to-coast round trip flight in a
commercial airplane is about 0.03 mSv
Because different tissues and organs have varying sensitivity to radiation exposure. The term
effective dose is used when referring to the radiation risk averaged over the entire body.
CERN typically delivers about 0.01 mSv of effective dose of radiation to someone residing in the
local area per year. This is less than 1% of the total annual dose of 3.7 mSv that individuals
already receive on average
Conclusion
Help doctor quickly diagnose some injuries and
diseases.
Reduce the risk of terrorist attacks on aircraft &
save inspection time.
As with other medical procedures, x-ray are safe
when used with care.