Transcript Slide 1

Medical Imaging
G485 Fields, Particles, Frontiers of
Physics
5.4.1 X-Rays
5.4.2 Diagnosis
methods in
medicine
5.4.3
Ultrasound
Mr Powell 2012
Index
5.4.2 Diagnosis methods in medicine
Assessable learning outcomes..
(a) describe the use of medical tracers like technetium-99m to diagnose the
function of organs;
(b) describe the main components of a gamma camera;
(c) describe the principles of positron emission tomography (PET);
(d) outline the principles of magnetic resonance, with reference to precession of
nuclei, Larmor frequency, resonance and relaxation times;
(e) describe the main components of an MRI scanner;
(f) outline the use of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to obtain diagnostic
information about internal organs (HSW 3, 4c and 6a);
(g) describe the advantages and disadvantages of MRI (HSW 4c & 6a);
(h) describe the need for non-invasive techniques in diagnosis (HSW 6a);
(i) explain what is meant by the Doppler effect;
(j) explain qualitatively how the Doppler effect can be used to determine the
speed of blood.
Mr Powell 2012
Index
5.4.2 Diagnosis Methods in Medicine TASK Sheet
a) describe the use of medical
tracers like technetium-99m
to diagnose the function of
organs (use extra help sheet)
(f) outline the use of MRI
(magnetic resonance imaging) to
obtain diagnostic information
about internal organs
(g) describe the
advantages and
disadvantages of MRI
(create comparison
table then do Use exam
question to practice)
(b) describe the main
components of a gamma
camera; (Use exam
question to practice)
(e) describe the main
components of an
MRI scanner; (make
a flow chart)
(h) describe the need for
non-invasive techniques
in diagnosis
(j) explain qualitatively how the
Doppler effect can be used to
determine the speed of blood.
(Use exam question to practice)
(c) describe the principles of
positron emission tomography
(PET);
(d) outline the principles of
magnetic resonance, with
reference to precession of
nuclei, Larmor frequency,
resonance and relaxation times
(need to see diagram);
(i) explain what is meant by
the Doppler effect; (draw
diagram and explain
equation)
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
MRI
• Detects hydrogen, and hence water, in
cells
• Strong magnetic field needed –
obtainable by using superconducting
magnet
• Radiation causes oscillation in nucleus
• Excited nuclei re-radiate signalling their
positions
• Detector picks up radiation emitted by
nuclei
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine
Extension
Extension
5.4.2 diagnostic methods
in medicine