Transcript Circulatory System Notes

The Circulatory System
Video Introduction
(22min)
The Body’s Transport System
• Made up of the heart, blood and a series of
blood vessels.
• Functions:
1. Delivers nutrients and oxygen to the body cells.
2. Carries carbon dioxide and other wastes away
from the body cells.
3. Protects the body from disease and infection.
The Heart
• Cardiac muscle
– Involuntary like smooth muscle
– Reacts quickly & Striated like skeletal muscle
– Doesn’t tire
• Only rests between beats
•
•
•
•
Approximately the size of your fist.
Located slightly to the left of your sternum.
Pumps approximately 5 L of blood per minute.
Heartbeat is controlled by a special tissue –
pacemaker.
– Sends out signals to the heart muscle that controls
contractions.
The Heart
Superior Vena Cava
Pacemaker
Aorta
Pulmonary
Artery
Pulmonary
Artery
Pulmonary
Vein
Right Atrium
Valves
Right Ventricle
Inferior
Vena Cava
Pulmonary
Vein
Left Atrium
Valves
Left Ventricle
Septum
The Heart
• Your heart is made up of four chambers:
– Two upper chambers – Atrium (Atria = singular)
– Two lower chambers - Ventricles
• The heart is also split into left and right sides
– separated by a thick wall of tissue – Septum
• Blood will never cross between the two sides.
Divisions & Chambers
Right Side
Upper Chambers –
Atrium
Lower Chambers –
Ventricles
Left Side
Flow of Blood
Blood leaving
the heart -to
the head.
Blood returning to
the heart from the
head.
Blood going to
the lungs
Blood going back
to the heart from
the lungs
Blood returning to
the heart from the
body.
Blood going to
the lungs
Blood going back
to the heart from
the lungs
Blood leaving
the heart -to
the body.
Myths about the Color of Blood
• Is blood really blue?
– NO – blood is NOT blue!!!!!! BLOOD IS RED!!!!!
– Blood can either be:
• high in oxygen, brighter red color, or
• low in oxygen, darker red color. (purple)
– The skin changes the way blood looks in the veins
to make it look bluer in color.
Right Side
I.
heart-lung-heart
loop
The Patient’s Right
Side of the Heart

Blood is returning to
the heart from it’s trip
around the body.
Returns to the heart
through the Vena Cava
Condition of the blood:


o
o
High in Carbon Dioxide
Low in Oxygen
Right Side
1.
Right Atrium (RA)
–
–
–
–
–
2.
Function: Collecting chamber
Coming from: body
Going to: Right Ventricle
Oxygen: Low
Carbon Dioxide: High
Right Ventricle (RV)
–
–
–
–
–
–
Function: Pumping chamber
Coming from: Right Atrium
Going to: Lungs
Oxygen: Low
Carbon Dioxide: High
A valve separates the two
chambers and prevents blood
from flowing backwards.
1.
2.
A Trip to the Lungs = (Pulmonary)
3. Blood leaves the
heart, heading to the
lungs, through the
pulmonary arteries.
–
–
Drops off waste gas
carbon dioxide.
Picks up new supply of
oxygen.
4. Returns to the heart
through the
pulmonary veins.
3.
4.
3.
4.
Left Side
I.
heart-body-heart
loop
The Patient’s Left Side
of the Heart

Blood is returning to
the heart from it’s trip
to the lungs.
Condition of the blood:

o
o
High in Oxygen
Low in Carbon Dioxide
Left Side
5.
Left Atrium (LA)
–
–
–
–
–
6.
Function: Collecting chamber
Coming from: lungs
Going to: Left Ventricle
Oxygen: High
Carbon Dioxide: Low
5.
Left Ventricle (LV)
–
–
–
–
–
–
Function: Pumping chamber
Coming from: Left Atrium
Going to: Body
Oxygen: High
Carbon Dioxide: Low
Strongest chamber of the
heart: Six times more
powerful than the right
ventricle.
6.
Leaving the Heart
To the Head/Upper Body
7. Blood leaves the heart
through the largest
and strongest blood
vessel in the body –
Aorta
7.
Pump Your Blood – Happy Days
(4:09 min)
To the Lower Body