Transcript Anatomy Final Review

Anatomy Final Review
Question 1
• A 2 day old newborn is diagnosed with
transposition of the great arteries. Which
structure is responsible for the division of the
truncus arteriosus into the great arteries?
A. Septum secundum
B. Septum primum
C. Bulbar septum
D. Aorticopulmonary septum
E. Endocardial cushions
Question 1
• A 2 day old newborn is diagnosed with
transposition of the great arteries. Which
structure is responsible for the division of the
truncus arteriosus into the great arteries?
A. Septum secundum
B. Septum primum
C. Bulbar septum
D. Aorticopulmonary septum
E. Endocardial cushions
Question 2
• A 2 day old newborn female is diagnosed with
pulmonary stenosis, overriding of the aorta, ventricular
septal defect, and hypertrophy of the right ventricle.
What condition is best characterized by these signs?
A. Atrial septal defect
B. Tetralogy of Fallot
C. Transposition of the great vessels
D. Pulmonary atresia
E. Ventricular septal defect
Question 2
• A 2 day old newborn female is diagnosed with
pulmonary stenosis, overriding of the aorta, ventricular
septal defect, and hypertrophy of the right ventricle.
What condition is best characterized by these signs?
A. Atrial septal defect
B. Tetralogy of Fallot
C. Transposition of the great vessels
D. Pulmonary atresia
E. Ventricular septal defect
Question 3
• An unconcious 2-month-old infant is admitted to the
emergency department after an MVA. An emergency
tracheostomy is performed. Which of the following
structures is most commonly at high risk of injury
during this procedure?
A. Left brachiocephalic vein
B. Left common carotid artery
C. Vagus nerve
D. Phrenic nerve
E. Thoracic duct
Question 3
• An unconcious 2-month-old infant is admitted to the
emergency department after an MVA. An emergency
tracheostomy is performed. Which of the following
structures is most commonly at high risk of injury
during this procedure?
A. Left brachiocephalic vein
B. Left common carotid artery
C. Vagus nerve
D. Phrenic nerve
E. Thoracic duct
Question 4
• A 45- year old is admitted to the hospital with
difficulty breathing. CXR shows a tumor invading
the lung surface anterior to the hilum. What
nerve is most likely compressed by the tumor to
result in dyspnea?
A. Phrenic
B. Vagus
C. Intercostal
D. Recurrent laryngeal
E. cardiopulmonary
Question 4
• A 45- year old is admitted to the hospital with
difficulty breathing. CXR shows a tumor invading
the lung surface anterior to the hilum. What
nerve is most likely compressed by the tumor to
result in dyspnea?
A. Phrenic
B. Vagus
C. Intercostal
D. Recurrent laryngeal
E. cardiopulmonary
Question 5
• A 23 year old male is admitted to the emergency
department after automobile collision. Physical exam
reveals tachycardia. What is the location of the
preganglionic neural cells bodies involved in increasing
HR?
A. Deep cardiac plexus
B. Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
C. Lateral horn T5-T9
D. Lateral horn T1-T4
E. Superior, middle and inferior cervical ganlgia
Question 5
• A 23 year old male is admitted to the emergency
department after automobile collision. Physical exam
reveals tachycardia. What is the location of the
preganglionic neural cells bodies involved in increasing
HR?
A. Deep cardiac plexus
B. Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
C. Lateral horn T5-T9  associated with organs in the
abdominal cavity
D. Lateral horn T1-T4  associated with upper limbs
and thoracic organs
E. Superior, middle and inferior cervical ganlgia
Question 6
• A 42 year old women is admitted to the hospital with
an inability to speak. The patients personal history
reveals experiences with hoarseness for the past
month. A CXR reveals a mass at the aortopulmonary
window. Which of the following nerves is most likely
compressed?
A. Vagus
B. Phrenic
C. Left recurrent laryngeal
D. Right recurrent larygneal
E. Greater thoracic splanchnic
Question 6
• A 42 year old women is admitted to the hospital with
an inability to speak. The patients personal history
reveals experiences with hoarseness for the past
month. A CXR reveals a mass at the aortopulmonary
window. Which of the following nerves is most likely
compressed?
A. Vagus
B. Phrenic
C. Left recurrent laryngeal
D. Right recurrent larygneal
E. Greater thoracic splanchnic
Question 7
• A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital with
severe chest pain. During exam a slight rhythmic
pulsation on the chest wall at the left fifth intercostal
space is noted in the midclavicular line. What part of
the heart is responsible for this pulsation?
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
C. Aortic arch
D. Apex of the heart
E. Mitral valve
Question 7
• A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital with
severe chest pain. During exam a slight rhythmic
pulsation on the chest wall at the left fifth intercostal
space is noted in the midclavicular line. What part of
the heart is responsible for this pulsation?
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
C. Aortic arch
D. Apex of the heart
E. Mitral valve
Question 8
• A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital
after an MVC where he had blunt trauma to his
sternum from the steering wheel. What part of
the heart would most likely to be injured by the
impact?
A. Right ventricle
B. Apex of left ventricle
C. Left ventricle
D. Right atrium
E. Anterior margin of the left atrium
Question 8
• A 42 year old male was admitted to the hospital
after an MVC where he had blunt trauma to his
sternum from the steering wheel. What part of
the heart would most likely to be injured by the
impact?
A. Right ventricle
B. Apex of left ventricle
C. Left ventricle
D. Right atrium
E. Anterior margin of the left atrium
Question 9
• A 55 year old male undergoes a coronary bypass
operation. The artery of primary concern is the vessel
that supplies much of the left ventricle and the right
ventricle. It also supplies the right and left bundle
branches of the cardiac conduction system. Which
artery is the surgeon most concerned with?
A. Right marginal
B. Anterior interventricular
C. Circumflex
D. Artery to the SA node
E. Posterior interventricular
Question 9
• A 55 year old male undergoes a coronary bypass
operation. The artery of primary concern is the vessel
that supplies much of the left ventricle and the right
ventricle. It also supplies the right and left bundle
branches of the cardiac conduction system. Which
artery is the surgeon most concerned with?
A. Right marginal
B. Anterior interventricular
C. Circumflex
D. Artery to the SA node
E. Posterior interventricular
Question 10
• A 55 year old male is admitted to the ER with chest pain. Angiograph
shows normal right coronary artery but left coronary artery is found to be
70-80% occluded at three point near the bifurcation of the circumflex
artery and left ventricular descending. Having a left dominant coronary
circulation and no surgery possible, what is the most likely explanation for
a poor prognosis in this patient?
A. All branches of the coronary artery are end arteries, precluding the
change that anastamosis will occur
B. It is probable that the anterior and posterior papillary muscles of the
tricuspid valve have been damaged
C. The blood supply of the SA node is inadequate
D. Development of the effective collateral circulation between anterior and
posterior interventricular arteries will not be possible
E. The blood supply of the AV node will not be adequate.
Question 10
• A 55 year old male is admitted to the ER with chest pain. Angiograph
shows normal right coronary artery but left coronary artery is found to be
70-80% occluded at three point near the bifurcation of the circumflex
artery and left ventricular descending. Having a left dominant coronary
circulation and no surgery possible, what is the most likely explanation for
a poor prognosis in this patient?
A. All branches of the coronary artery are end arteries, precluding the
change that anastamosis will occur
B. It is probable that the anterior and posterior papillary muscles of the
tricuspid valve have been damaged
C. The blood supply of the SA node is inadequate
D. Development of the effective collateral circulation between anterior
and posterior interventricular arteries will not be possible
E. The blood supply of the AV node will not be adequate.
Question 11
• A 62 year old is admitted to the hospital for severe
dyspnea and complains of pain in her left shoulder. Her
radiographs reveals an aneurysm to the aortic arch.
Which of the following nerves is being compressed by
the aneurysm?
A. Phrenic
B. Vagus
C. Cardiopulmonary
D. Intercostal
E. Thoracic splanchnic
Question 11
• A 62 year old is admitted to the hospital for severe
dyspnea and complains of pain in her left shoulder. Her
radiographs reveals an aneurysm to the aortic arch.
Which of the following nerves is being compressed by
the aneurysm?
A. Phrenic  this is the only one that has referred pain
to the left shoulder due to its C3-5 root levels.
B. Vagus
C. Cardiopulmonary
D. Intercostal
E. Thoracic splanchnic