Transcript File

Circulatory System
Questions to think about!
■
Why is the heart referred to as a double pump?
■
Why is it necessary to have valves in the heart and some
veins?
■
What are the similarities and differences between arteries
and veins?
■
Why are capillaries just a single layer thick?
■
What factors influence blood pressure?
Note Rotation
● You will rotate through 9 stations.
● Each station is name with the part of the heart
you will label and color.
● Then at each station there is a title on the slide
that is the heading in your notes
● Read and write important information in your
notebooks for each station
*don’t forget to label and color the part of the heart you glued in
your notebook before you leave the station*
Superior Vena Cava
station 1
Color (BLUE) and Label the Superior Vena
Cava
Circulatory System
■
Functions
–Transports
gases, nutrients, and food to
all of the body cells.
–It regulates temperature and fights
infections.
■
Components
–It
consists of blood, blood vessels, and
the heart.
Red = oxygenated
blood
Blue= deoxygenated
blood
**Your blood is always
RED! The color in
pictures is just to tell
which is an artery and
which is a vein!*
Right Atrium
station 2
Color (BLUE) and Label the Right Atrium
Blood Vessels
■
There are three main types of blood vessels:
– Arteries
▪carry oxygen-rich blood AWAY from the heart.
▪They are like major highways that eventually
lead to a one-lane road called capillaries.
– Capillaries
▪the smallest blood vessels where oxygen and
nutrients pass out (diffuse) of the blood and
into the tissue of the body
– Veins
▪carry oxygen-deficient blood back TO the
heart.
Blood Vessels
Arteries =
AWAY from
the heart
Veins= TO the
heart
Red = oxygenated
blood
Blue= deoxygenated
blood
**Your blood is always
RED! The color in
pictures is just to tell
which is an artery and
which is a vein!*
Right Ventricle
station 3
Color (BLUE) and Label the Right Ventricle
The Heart <3
The heart is an organ the
size of your fist that
pumps blood throughout
your body.
■ It has many
mitochondria to provide
constant energy to the
cardiac muscle.
■ It is made up of four
chambers:
–atrium (2- top)
–ventricles (2bottom)
Red = oxygenated
blood
Blue= deoxygenated
blood
**Did you know
the largest blood
vessel in your
body is the
Aorta!*
Pulmonary Artery
station 4
Color (BLUE) and Label the Pulmonary Artery
(2 locations)
Heart Valves
The heart has valves in
between each chamber
■ Why?
– to prevent backwards
flow of blood!
Tricuspid Valve:
between Right Atrium and
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Valve:
between Right Ventricle and
Pulmonary Artery
Heart Valves
Mitral Valve:
between Left Atrium and
Left Ventricle
Aortic Valve:
between Left Ventricle and
Aorta
Lungs
station 5
Blood Flow Through the Heart
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the
vena cava and goes in the right atrium.
It then is pumped into the right ventricle.
From there, it leaves the heart and goes to the
lungs through the pulmonary artery.
It picks up oxygen and goes back to the heart
through the pulmonary vein.
The pulmonary vein sends the oxygenated blood to
the left atrium.
From there it goes to the left ventricle.
Lastly, the blood is sent to the aorta (major artery)
which sends the blood throughout body.
Pulmonary Vein
station 6
Color (RED) and Label the Pulmonary Veins
(2 locations)
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the force with
which blood pushes against the
wall of an artery.
■ The pressure is greatest when
the heart muscles contract
(systolic pressure).
■ When the heart relaxes, the
pressure is reduced against the
arterial walls (diastolic
pressure).
■ Blood pressure is read
systolic/diastolic.
–A healthy blood pressure is
120/80 mm Hg.
What
factors
influence
blood
pressure?
Interpreting the chart: Write and answer in you notes
If your blood pressure was 160/90 do you have hypertension?
Describe at what level.
Left Artium
station 7
Color (RED) and Label the Left Atrium
Components of Blood
(Blood is a tissue!)
Plasma (55%)
–the fluid component of
blood (mostly water)
■ Red Blood Cells (45%)
–contain the protein
hemoglobin that transports
gases (oxygen and CO2) to
and away from cells
■ White Blood Cells (<1%)
–defend our bodies against
infection caused by foreign
material or bacteria
■ Platelets (<1%)- clot blood
■
Components of Blood
All red cells contain Hemoglobin:
● Hemoglobin is a protein in the
blood that carries oxygen from
the respiratory organs to the
rest of the body.
● The oxygen is released to burn
nutrients to provide energy to
power the functions of the
organism in the process called
metabolism.
Left Ventricle
station 8
Color (RED) and Label the Left Ventricle
The 4 Blood Types
Type A: produces Antigen A and Antibody B
Type B: produces Antigen B and Antibody A
Type AB: produces Antigen A & B and does not
have any antibodies
**AB is the universal recipient (can receive
blood from anyone)**
Type O: no antigen and makes antibodies A & B
** O is the universal donor (they can give
blood to anyone)**
Blood typing questions:
use the chart at this station to help
write in your notes!
1. If you test your blood and it clumps up
for Anti- A and Anti- D what blood type are
you?
1. If you test your dog’s blood and it clumps up
for Anti- B, but not Anti- D what blood type is
your dog?
2. If you test an armadillos blood and it clumps
up for Anti-B and Anti- D what blood type is
the armadillo?
Aorta
station 9
Color (RED) and Label the Aorta (2 locations)
Blood and the Immune System
Antigen:
● proteins produced on the surface of red
blood cells
● a foreign substance that causes an immune
response
● sometimes located on the surface of a virus
Antibody:
● located in the plasma,
● they are proteins produced by B-lymphocytes
that help provide defense against foreign
substances in the body
White Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
Questions to think about!
■
Why is the heart referred to as a double pump?
■
Why is it necessary to have valves in the heart and some
veins?
■
What are the similarities and differences between arteries
and veins?
■
Why are capillaries just a single layer thick?
■
What factors influence blood pressure?
Let’s answer the discussion
questions!
■
■
■
Why is the heart referred to as a double pump?
–The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs
and the left side of the heart pumps blood to the body.
Why is it necessary to have valves in the heart and
some veins?
–Valves prevent the backward flow of blood.
What are the similarities and differences between
arteries and veins?
–Arteries and veins are both large blood vessels that
transport blood. Arteries are thicker than veins and
carry blood away from the heart. Veins are thinner,
contain valves, and carry blood toward the heart.
Let’s answer the discussion
questions!
Why are capillaries just a single layer thick?
The single layer allows the diffusion of gases and
nutrients from the blood to body tissue and vice
versa.
■
What factors influence blood pressure?
Exercise, stress, emotions, excess weight, drugs,
alcohol, and diet (food).
■