Transcript Circulatory System Conditions

Circulatory System Conditions
Heart Conditions
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Congenital heart defect
Arryhthmia
Diabetes
Stroke
Heart Attack
Congenital Heart Defect – when the
vessels surrounding the heart do not
develop normally before birth.
• Most common heart
defect 8:1000.
• Causes - hereditary
• Symptoms
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Rapid breathing
Bluish tint to skin
Tiredness
Poor blood circulation
• Treatments
– Catheter-based
procedure
– surgery
Diastole vs. Systole
Electrocardiogram & the Cardiac
Cycle
• P = Excitation of the
atrial walls.
• Q/R/S = Excitation of
the ventrical walls
• T = ventrical wall
recovery
2 Phases of the Cardiac Cycle
• Diastole Phase
– SA node causes atrial
contraction.
– Atria empty blood.
– Valves close
• Systole Phase
– AV node causes
ventrical contraction
– Ventricles empty
blood.
Arryhthmia – irregularity in the
heart beat
• Causes –
– Electrolyte imbalance
– Heart attack
– Coronary artery disease
• Symptoms – most are
minor
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Palpitations
Pounding in your chest
Heart flutter
Fainting
Shortness of breath
• Treatments
– Many need no treatment
– Medications
– Pacemaker
Diabetes – the body does not
produce or properly use insulin.
• Causes –
– Type 1 – Genetics – not
enough insulin.
– Type 2 - Obesity, lack of
exercise – body doesn’t
respond normally to insulin.
• Symptoms – most are
minor
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Frequent urination
Excessive thirst
Extreme hunger
Unusual weight loss
Fatigue
Irritability
Blurry vision
• Treatments
– Minimize elevation of blood
sugar.
– Type 1 – insulin, exercise,
diet.
– Type 2 – weight reduction,
diet, exercise
Strokes
Stroke – sudden death of brain cells due
to a lack of flow of oxygen
• Causes –
– Clotting or bursting of
an artery or chamber
of the heart.
• Symptoms – most are
minor
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Weakness
Paralysis
Speech problems
Numbness
Tingling
• Treatments
– Managing blood
pressure
– Managing cholesterol
– Use of anti-coagulants
– Blood-clot dissolving
medications
CT Scan
Heart Attack – death of a part of the
heart muscle by blockage of the coronary
artery.
• Causes –
– Atherosclerosis –
cholesterol plaque build-up.
Hardening & narrowing
• Symptoms – most are
minor
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Chest, arm, jaw pain
Headache, toothache
Shortness of breath
Nausea, vomiting
Sweating
Lethargy
• Treatments
– Clot-dissolving/preventing
medications – e.g. aspirin
(~25% fatality reduction)
– Supplemental oxygen
– Medications to control
arryhthmia
More Information…
• http://americanheart.org/
• http://www.medicinenet.com/