Transcript Finding your Maximum Heart Rate

CARDIO-VASCULAR SYSTEM
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The cardiovascular system (circulatory
system) is composed of your heart,
blood vessels, and blood. Its major
function is the transport of nutrients,
oxygen, and cellular waste products
throughout the body. We will look at
each of the components in detail.
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Circulate blood throughout entire body for
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Transport of oxygen to cells
Transport of CO2 away from cells
Transport of nutrients (glucose) to cells
Movement of immune system components
(cells, antibodies)
◦ Transport of endocrine gland secretions
What Does C-V System do?
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Heart is pump
Arteries and veins are main tubes
(plumbing)
◦ Arteries Away from Heart
◦ Veins to Heart
How does it do it?
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The “thump-thump” of a heartbeat is the sound
made by the four valves of the heart closing.
Cocaine affects the heart’s electrical activity and
causes spasm of the arteries, which can lead to a
heart attack or stroke, even in healthy people
A woman’s heart typically beats faster than a
man’s. The heart of an average man beats
approximately 70 times a minute, whereas the
average woman has a heart rate of 78 per minute
Grab a tennis ball and squeeze it tightly: that’s
how hard the beating heart works to pump blood
A kitchen faucet would need to be turned on all
the way for at least 45 years to equal the amount
of blood pumped by the heart in an average
lifetime
DID YOU KNOW…
The heart is composed of four chambers:
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Right Atrium- Receives deoxygenated blood from
the body and forces it into the right ventricle
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Left Atrium- Receives oxygenated blood from the
lungs and forces it into the left ventricle.
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Right Ventricle- Receives deoxygenated blood from the
right atrium, and forces it into the pulmonary artery
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Left Ventricle- Receives oxygenated blood from the left
atrium and forces it into the aorta to be distributed
throughout the body.
HEART
Arteries- The vessels that carry blood away from the heart to
the body. Arterial walls are muscular and elastic. Blood carried
in the arteries is bright colored
Arterioles- The smallest arteries
Pulmonary Artery- The artery that carries deoxygenated
blood from the heart to the lungs
Aorta- The largest artery in the body. Carries blood from the
heart to be distributed throughout the body.
BLOOD VESSELS-Arteries
Artery/Vein differences
Arteries (aa.)
Direction Blood Away from
of flow
Heart
Pressure Higher
Veins (vv.)
Blood to Heart
Walls
THICKER
THINNER
Lumen
Smaller
Larger
Valves
No valves
Valves
Lower
Veins- The vessels that carry blood from the
capillaries on its return to the heart. Blood carried
in the veins is usually darker in color.
 Venules- The smallest veins
 Pulmonary Vein- The vein that carries
oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the
heart.
 Capillaries- the smallest of all blood vessels.
Serve as connectors between arterioles and
venuoles. Nutrients and oxygen are delivered to
body cells through the capillaries. Cell waste
products are picked up in the capillaries.
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BLOOD VESSELS- Veins
The blood is composed of four parts:
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Plasma- The liquid component of blood. 95% of plasma is water.
Plasma contains the blood cells.
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Red Blood Cells- The most common type of blood cell. Red blood
cells deliver oxygen to the body, and have a life span of
approximately 100 days.
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White Blood Cells- Fight infection and pathogens in the body. White
blood cells can live from three months to five years.
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Platelets combine with other blood components to form clots to
prevent bleeding. Plasma, which is 90% water, is the medium in
which all the blood components and clotting factors are transported.
BLOOD
Heart Chambers and Valves
Location of Heart in Thorax
Another View
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
is associated with thickening of the heart
muscle. This leads to stiffening of the
walls of the heart and abnormal aortic
and mitral heart valve function, both of
which may block normal blood flow
out of the heart
Macroscopic appearance of epicardial fat (layer of fat around heart)
(A) Front view of a normal (210 g) heart. (B) Back view of a normal
(210 g) heart.
(C) Front view of a hypertrophic (900 g) heart. (D) Back view of a
hypertrophic (900 g) heart. In the normal heart, the fat distribution is
limited
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Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of
the heart, lungs, and circulatory system
to work together
What is Cardiovascular
Endurance?
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It is recommended to perform
Cardiovascular Exercise 3-5 days a week
Cardiovascular Endurance
Frequency
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To determine how hard you need to
exercise when training your cardiovascular
endurance you must first figure out your
Maximum Heart Rate
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Maximum Heart Rate Definition: The
highest heart rate for a person, related to
age
Cardiovascular Endurance
Intensity
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It is recommended that you spend 20-60
minutes in continuous aerobic activity
each time you train for cardiovascular
endurance
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In other words you should try to stay
in your Target Heart Rate Zone for
at least 20 minutes
Cardiovascular Endurance Time
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Your Maximum Heart Rate (MHR)
depends on your age. You can find out
what it is by taking 220 and subtracting
your age.
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Here is an example for a
15 year-old student:
220-15=???
205, is the maximum heart rate
Finding your Maximum Heart Rate
Finding The
Correct Intensity
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Cardiovascular development occurs between 70
Percent (the lower limit) and 90 Percent (the
upper limit) of your Maximum Heart Rate
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You then use these limits to determine your
Target Heart Rate Zone (THRZ) (which is what
we use for our heart rate monitors)
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Your target heart rate zone (THRZ) is how many
beats per minute your heart should be beating
at while exercising
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Here is a quick review of the
Frequency, Intensity, and Time for
a cardiovascular workout
Frequency is 3 to 5 days per week
 Intensity is 70% to 90% of your MHR
 Time is 20 to 60 minutes
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Cardiovascular Endurance FIT
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Here is an example of finding the Target Heart
Rate Zone of a 15 year-old student:
MHR: 220-15 = 205
Lower Limit: 70% of 205 = 143.5
.70 X 205 = 143.5
Upper Limit: 90% of 205 = 184.5
.90 X 205 = 184.5
 So the Target Heart Rate Zone for this student
is 143.5 to 184.5 beats per minute
Finding the Target Heart Rate
Zone
(The Quick Way)
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Resting Heart Rate Definition: Heart Rate after a
person has been sitting quietly for 15-20 minutes
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The best time to find your resting
heart rate is when you first wake
up in the morning
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To do this we will need to learn
how to take our pulse
Resting Heart Rate (RHR)
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This can be done on the wrist by placing
two fingers over the radial artery (inside
the wrist on the side of the thumb)
Finding your Pulse (Radial Artery)
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Or we can use the carotid artery in the
neck just below the jaw
Finding your Pulse (Carotid
Artery)
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Now that you can find your pulse, count
your pulse for 60 seconds (or count for 10
seconds and multiply your answer by 6)
to find your heart rate
Determining Your Pulse